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Question
what does temperature actually measure?
how fast particles are moving
how much heat is transferred
how much energy something contains
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Temperature is related to the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance, which is associated with how fast particles (atoms/molecules) are moving. Heat transfer is about energy movement between objects, and "how much energy something contains" refers to internal energy (which depends on mass, etc., not just temperature). So the correct option is "How fast particles are moving".
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How fast particles are moving