1. what does thermal energy depend on?
2. what is a difference between temperature and thermal energy?
3. what is temperature measuring?
4. as temperature increases, thermal energy ______.
5. which has more thermal energy?
a. image of a pot with food
b. image of a bowl with food

Question

Accepted Answer

### 1. What does thermal energy depend on?
# Brief Explanations:
Thermal energy depends on the mass of the substance, its specific heat capacity, and its temperature. The formula for thermal energy is $ Q = mc\Delta T $, where $ m $ is mass, $ c $ is specific heat capacity, and $ \Delta T $ is the change in temperature. So, a larger mass, higher specific heat, or greater temperature change (or higher initial temperature) leads to more thermal energy.
# Answer:
Thermal energy depends on the mass of the substance, its specific heat capacity, and its temperature (or the average kinetic energy of its particles, and the number of particles).

### 2. What is the difference between temperature and thermal energy?
# Brief Explanations:
- **Temperature**: A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance (e.g., measured in °C, °F, K). It’s about how “hot” or “cold” a substance is.
- **Thermal Energy**: The total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance (dependent on mass, temperature, and specific heat). A large object at a lower temperature can have more thermal energy than a small object at a higher temperature (e.g., a swimming pool at 25°C has more thermal energy than a cup of boiling water at 100°C because of its greater mass).
# Answer:
Temperature is the average kinetic energy of particles; thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of all particles (dependent on mass, temperature, and specific heat).

### 3. What is temperature measuring?
# Brief Explanations:
Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. As particles move faster (higher kinetic energy), temperature increases; slower movement (lower kinetic energy) means lower temperature.
# Answer:
Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

### 4. As temperature increases, thermal energy ______.
# Brief Explanations:
Using the thermal energy formula $ Q = mc\Delta T $ (or understanding that thermal energy is related to the total kinetic energy of particles), if temperature ($ \Delta T $ or absolute temperature) increases, and mass ($ m $) and specific heat ($ c $) remain constant, thermal energy ($ Q $) increases. This is because higher temperature means particles move faster, so their total kinetic energy (thermal energy) rises.
# Answer:
increases (assuming mass and specific heat remain constant)

### 5. Which has more thermal energy? (A or B)
# Brief Explanations:
To determine this, we analyze the images (A: likely a hot, possibly smaller or larger dish; B: another dish, maybe colder or with different mass). Thermal energy depends on mass, temperature, and specific heat. If A is a hot soup (higher temperature) and has a similar or larger mass than B (e.g., a cold salad), A has more thermal energy. Alternatively, if B has a much larger mass but slightly lower temperature, it could have more. But typically, a hot, substantial - mass object (like a pot of hot soup, A) has more thermal energy than a cooler, smaller - mass object (like a bowl of cold food, B). Assuming A is hotter and has sufficient mass, A has more thermal energy.
# Answer:
A (assuming A is hotter and/or has a mass that, combined with temperature, gives more thermal energy than B)

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Question

Explanation:

1. What does thermal energy depend on?

Answer:

2. What is the difference between temperature and thermal energy?