Question

which statement correctly identifies and explains the reasoning used in the sample argument?
socrates is a man. all men are mortal. socrates is mortal.
○ it uses inductive reasoning, because it begins with a general conclusion and is followed by evidence.
○ it uses inductive reasoning, because it begins with evidence and then forms a general conclusion.
○ it uses deductive reasoning, because it starts with a general conclusion to prove something true.
○ it uses deductive reasoning, because it starts with evidence and is followed by a general conclusion.

Explanation:

Deductive reasoning starts with a general premise, applies it to a specific case, and draws a specific conclusion. The argument first states the general rule "All men are mortal", applies it to the specific case "Socrates is a man", then concludes "Socrates is mortal". Inductive reasoning moves from specific observations to general conclusions, which does not match this argument. Analyzing the options, the correct description of this deductive structure is the third choice.

Answer:

It uses deductive reasoning, because it starts with a general conclusion to prove something true.