Question

which is true about dissolving a polar substance in water?
○ the solvent particles are all nonpolar molecules
○ the solute particles are carried into the solution.
○ the solute particles have no attraction for the solvent molecules.
○ the solute particles are very different from the solvent molecules

Explanation:

• For the first option: Water is a polar molecule, so solvent (water) particles are polar, not nonpolar. Eliminate this.
• For the second option: When a polar solute dissolves in polar water, water molecules (solvent) surround and carry the solute particles into the solution (like in hydration of ions). This is correct.
• For the third option: Polar solute and polar water have intermolecular attractions (like dipole - dipole or ion - dipole), so solute and solvent molecules do attract. Eliminate this.
• For the fourth option: "Like dissolves like" - polar solute and polar water are similar in polarity, not very different. Eliminate this.

Answer:

B. The solute particles are carried into the solution.