to win fame
response and analysis: answer the following questions as completely as possible in complete sentences.

reading comprehension:
1. who comes to beowulf’s aid in beowulf’s final battle with the dragon? why does he help beowulf?

2. what sad scene concludes this epic?

3. what happens to the dragon’s hoard?

thinking critically:
4. a hoarded treasure in old english literature is usually a symbol of spiritual death or damnation. how does this fact add significance to beowulf’s last fight with the dragon?

5. what details does the poet use to describe the dragon? keeping those details in mind, explain what the dragon might symbolize as beowulf’s final foe.

6. given what you know about the structure of anglo - saxon society, explain what is especially ominous about the behavior of beowulf’s men during the final battle. what does it suggest about the future of the kingdom?

7. the epic closes on a somber, elegaic note - a note of mourning. what words or images contribute to this tone?

8. epic poetry usually embodies the attitudes and ideals of an entire culture. what values of anglo - saxon society does beowulf reveal? what universal themes does it also reveal? list more than one. use specific examples from the poem to support your answer.

Question

to win fame
response and analysis: answer the following questions as completely as possible in complete sentences.

reading comprehension:
1. who comes to beowulf’s aid in beowulf’s final battle with the dragon? why does he help beowulf?

2. what sad scene concludes this epic?

3. what happens to the dragon’s hoard?

thinking critically:
4. a hoarded treasure in old english literature is usually a symbol of spiritual death or damnation. how does this fact add significance to beowulf’s last fight with the dragon?

5. what details does the poet use to describe the dragon? keeping those details in mind, explain what the dragon might symbolize as beowulf’s final foe.

6. given what you know about the structure of anglo - saxon society, explain what is especially ominous about the behavior of beowulf’s men during the final battle. what does it suggest about the future of the kingdom?

7. the epic closes on a somber, elegaic note - a note of mourning. what words or images contribute to this tone?

8. epic poetry usually embodies the attitudes and ideals of an entire culture. what values of anglo - saxon society does beowulf reveal? what universal themes does it also reveal? list more than one. use specific examples from the poem to support your answer.

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
In Beowulf's final battle with the dragon, Wiglaf comes to his aid. Wiglaf helps Beowulf because he is a loyal thane (a warrior sworn to serve his lord) and feels a duty to fulfill his oath of loyalty, as well as to uphold the honor of his people and the heroic code of the Anglo - Saxons.
# Answer:
Wiglaf comes to Beowulf’s aid in his final battle with the dragon. He helps Beowulf because he is a loyal thane who feels bound by his oath of loyalty to his lord, and he also wants to uphold the heroic code and the honor of his people.

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
The epic concludes with the sad scene of Beowulf's funeral. His body is burned on a pyre, and his people mourn his death deeply. They also build a barrow (a mound) in his memory, and there is a sense of loss as the great hero is laid to rest, and the kingdom faces an uncertain future without his leadership.
# Answer:
The sad scene that concludes this epic is Beowulf’s funeral. His body is burned on a pyre, and his people mourn his death, build a barrow in his memory, and face an uncertain future without their great hero.

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
After the dragon is killed, most of the dragon's hoard is buried with Beowulf in his barrow. Wiglaf and the Geats decide to place the treasure in the tomb with Beowulf as a way to honor him and to keep the treasure out of reach, as it was a source of trouble (the dragon had guarded it fiercely, and its discovery led to the final battle).
# Answer:
Most of the dragon’s hoard is buried with Beowulf in his barrow. Wiglaf and the Geats place the treasure in Beowulf’s tomb to honor him and to keep the troublesome treasure out of reach.

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
In Old English literature, a hoarded treasure symbolizes spiritual death or damnation. In Beowulf's last fight with the dragon, the dragon guards a hoarded treasure. This adds significance because Beowulf's battle against the dragon (and its hoard) can be seen as a battle against spiritual corruption and the allure of worldly goods that lead to spiritual death. Beowulf, as a hero, is fighting not just a physical foe but also the symbolic evil of greed and spiritual decay represented by the hoarded treasure. His willingness to face this shows his moral strength and his fight for the greater good of his people, even at the cost of his own life.
# Answer:
The fact that a hoarded treasure symbolizes spiritual death/damnation adds significance to Beowulf’s last fight as the dragon’s hoard represents spiritual corruption/greed. Beowulf’s battle against the dragon (and its hoard) becomes a fight against spiritual decay, showing his moral strength and his sacrifice for his people’s greater good.

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
The poet describes the dragon as a fearsome, fire - breathing creature with scales like "iron mail" and eyes that burn with a fierce light. It is a powerful, ancient, and territorial beast that guards its hoard jealously. As Beowulf’s final foe, the dragon can symbolize the forces of evil, greed, and the inevitability of death. Its connection to the hoarded treasure also links it to spiritual corruption. Additionally, it can represent the challenges that come with old age and the end of an era (as Beowulf is an old hero facing this final, deadly challenge), or the threat of chaos and destruction that the kingdom will face without Beowulf’s protection.
# Answer:
The poet describes the dragon as a fearsome, fire - breathing beast with iron - like scales and burning eyes, guarding its hoard jealously. As Beowulf’s final foe, the dragon might symbolize evil, greed, spiritual corruption, the inevitability of death, the challenges of old age/end of an era, or the threat of chaos for the kingdom without Beowulf.

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
In Anglo - Saxon society, the men were supposed to be loyal to their lord (Beowulf) and fight alongside him. During the final battle, most of Beowulf’s men flee in fear when they see the dragon’s power. This is ominous because it shows a breakdown of the heroic code and loyalty. In Anglo - Saxon society, loyalty to one's lord was a core value. The fact that they flee suggests that the kingdom’s future is in danger. Without loyal warriors to defend it, the kingdom may be vulnerable to external threats, and the heroic values that held the society together are crumbling, portending a time of instability and possible decline.
# Answer:
In Anglo - Saxon society, men were to be loyal to their lord. Beowulf’s men fleeing the final battle is ominous as it breaks the heroic code of loyalty. It suggests the kingdom’s future is in danger: without loyal warriors, it may face external threats and a decline as heroic values crumble.

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
Words and images that contribute to the somber, elegaic tone include "mourn", "pyre", "barrow", "loss", and descriptions of Beowulf's death and the people's grief. The image of the burning pyre, the building of the barrow, the people's weeping, and the sense of an end (the hero is dead, and the kingdom is adrift) all create a tone of mourning. Phrases like "mournful dirges", the description of Beowulf's lifeless body, and the uncertainty of the kingdom’s future also add to this tone.
# Answer:
Words and images like “mourn”, “pyre”, “barrow”, “loss”, descriptions of Beowulf’s death, the people’s grief, the burning pyre, and the kingdom’s uncertain future contribute to the somber, elegaic tone.

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
Anglo - Saxon values revealed in Beowulf include loyalty (Wiglaf’s loyalty to Beowulf), bravery (Beowulf’s battles against Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and the dragon), and the importance of fame and honor (Beowulf seeks to gain fame through his heroic deeds). Universal themes include the struggle between good and evil (Beowulf vs. Grendel, the dragon), the inevitability of death (Beowulf’s death shows that even heroes die), and the importance of legacy (Beowulf’s barrow and the memory of him live on). For example, Wiglaf’s loyalty shows Anglo - Saxon loyalty, Beowulf’s battles show the good - evil struggle, and his funeral and barrow show the theme of legacy.
# Answer:
Anglo - Saxon values in Beowulf: Loyalty (Wiglaf to Beowulf), bravery (Beowulf’s battles), and fame/honor (Beowulf seeking heroic fame). Universal themes: Struggle between good and evil (Beowulf vs. foes), inevitability of death (Beowulf’s death), and importance of legacy (his barrow/memory). E.g., Wiglaf’s loyalty, Beowulf’s battles, and his funeral/barrow support these.

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