Question

worksheet nuclear radiation
what is nuclear chemistry
give three comparisons between chrmical reactions and nuclear reactions
chemical reactions nuclear reaction
highlight the discovery of the following scientist and their year:

1. henri becquerel:
2. marie curie:
3. perrie curie:

mention the element that becquerel worked with:
identify the two elements that marie and perrie curie discovered as a result of their study of radiactivity:
1.
2.
name the three types of radiations and give their symbols
name of radiation symbol

Explanation:

1. Nuclear Chemistry Definition: Nuclear chemistry is the study of changes in the nucleus of atoms, including radioactive decay, nuclear reactions, and the properties of radioactive substances.
2. Comparisons:

• Energy Change: Chemical reactions involve relatively small - scale energy changes due to electron rearrangements. Nuclear reactions release or absorb vast amounts of energy from changes in the nucleus.
• Element Identity: In chemical reactions, the identity of elements remains the same. In nuclear reactions, one element can be transformed into another.
• Rate Factors: Chemical reaction rates are affected by factors like temperature, concentration, and catalysts. Nuclear reaction rates are not affected by these factors and are mainly determined by the nature of the nucleus.

1. Discoveries:

• Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity in 1896 while working with uranium salts.
• Marie Curie and Pierre Curie discovered polonium in 1898 and radium in 1898 - 1902.

1. Elements: Becquerel worked with uranium. Marie and Pierre Curie discovered polonium (Po) and radium (Ra).
2. Radiations:

• Alpha radiation: Symbol $\alpha$, consists of a helium - 4 nucleus ($_{2}^{4}He$).
• Beta radiation: Symbol $\beta$, can be either an electron ($_{ - 1}^{0}e$) or a positron ($_{+1}^{0}e$).
• Gamma radiation: Symbol $\gamma$, is a high - energy electromagnetic radiation with no mass or charge.

Answer:

1. Nuclear chemistry is the study of nuclear processes and radioactive substances.

2.

Chemical reactions	Nuclear reactions
Element identity unchanged	Element can change
Rate affected by temperature, etc.	Rate not affected by temperature, etc.

3.

• Henri Becquerel: Discovered radioactivity in 1896.
• Marie Curie: Discovered polonium and radium (1898 - 1902).
• Pierre Curie: Discovered polonium and radium with Marie Curie (1898 - 1902).

1. Becquerel worked with uranium. Marie and Pierre Curie discovered polonium and radium.

5.

Name of radiation	Symbol
Beta radiation	$\beta$
Gamma radiation	$\gamma$