Question

1. in a saltwater solution, which is the solute? which is the solvent?
2. what happens to concentration if you add more water to a sugary drink?

Explanation:

Question 10:

In a saltwater solution, the solute is the substance that gets dissolved, which is salt (sodium chloride, \( \text{NaCl} \)). The solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute, and in saltwater, water (\( \text{H}_2\text{O} \)) acts as the solvent since it's the component present in a larger amount (or the one doing the dissolving).

Concentration of a solution is defined as the amount of solute (here, sugar) per unit volume (or mass) of the solution. The formula for concentration (in terms of mass/volume, for example) can be thought of as \( \text{Concentration} = \frac{\text{Amount of Solute}}{\text{Amount of Solution}} \). When we add more water (solvent) to the sugary drink, the amount of solute (sugar) remains the same, but the amount of solution (sugar + water) increases. Since the numerator (solute amount) stays constant and the denominator (solution amount) increases, the concentration will decrease. This process is called dilution.

Answer:

Solute: Salt (Sodium Chloride, \( \text{NaCl} \))
Solvent: Water (\( \text{H}_2\text{O} \))

Question 11: