Question

1. describe the functional group, called an amine group, that the basic molecules in model 2 all have in common? 16. recall the definition of a base that you learned in chemistry. explain how the reaction below illustrates the basic properties of adrenaline. adrenaline

Explanation:

1. An amine group (-NH₂ or -NHR etc.) has a nitrogen atom with a lone - pair of electrons. This lone - pair can accept a proton (H⁺), making it basic. In the given molecule of adrenaline, the amine group can react with water (H₂O) to pick up a proton, forming a positively charged ammonium - like species and a hydroxide ion (OH⁻), which is characteristic of basic behavior.
2. A base is a substance that can accept a proton (H⁺) according to the Brønsted - Lowry definition. In the reaction shown, the amine group in adrenaline accepts a proton from water. The lone - pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom in the amine group of adrenaline attacks the hydrogen atom of a water molecule, breaking the O - H bond in water and forming a new N - H bond. As a result, a hydroxide ion (OH⁻) is released into the solution, which is consistent with the basic nature of the amine group in adrenaline.

Answer:

1. The amine group in adrenaline has a nitrogen atom with a lone - pair of electrons. This lone - pair can accept a proton from water, making it basic. The basic molecules in Model 2 all have an amine group which can react with water to produce OH⁻ ions.
2. A base is a substance that can accept a proton (H⁺). In the reaction, the amine group in adrenaline accepts a proton from water, releasing a hydroxide ion (OH⁻), which illustrates the basic properties of adrenaline.