Question

1. in this passage, 2 points montesquieu is making reference to an enlightened despotism a policy of mercantilism a separation of powers a social contract ... nor is there liberty if the power of judging is not separate from legislative power and from executive power. if it were joined to legislative power, the power over the life and liberty of the citizens would be arbitrary, for the judge would be the legislator. if it were joined to executive power, the judge could have the force of an oppressor... - montesquieu, the spirit of the laws

Explanation:

Montesquieu emphasizes that liberty requires the power of judging to be separate from legislative and executive powers. This is a core tenet of the separation - of - powers concept. Enlightened despotism involves a ruler using power for the good of the people but still having concentrated power. Mercantilism is an economic policy. The social contract is about an agreement between people and the state. Here, the focus is on the separation of different government powers.

Answer:

C. a separation of powers