Question

1. this allowed people to vote if their father or grandfather had voted before reconstruction

grandfather vote
grandfather clause
literacy test
poll tax

Explanation:

The described policy is a voting exemption rule targeting Black voters disenfranchised post-Reconstruction, specifically allowing those whose father/grandfather voted before Reconstruction to vote without facing new barriers like literacy tests or poll taxes. This specific rule is known by a formal legal term.

Answer:

Grandfather Clause