Question

1. label the phases of cell division.

enzymes p. 23

1. enzymes are which type of macromolecule?
2. what monomer would make up an enzyme?
3. what is the function of enzymes?
4. how does temperature and ph affect enzyme activity?
5. label the diagram below using the following words: enzyme, substrate, products, enzyme - complex

Explanation:

1. Enzymes are proteins. Proteins are large, complex macromolecules made up of amino - acid monomers.
2. Amino acids are the monomers that make up enzymes. They are linked together by peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains which fold into the functional enzyme structure.
3. Enzymes function as biological catalysts. They speed up chemical reactions in living organisms by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.
4. Temperature and pH can significantly affect enzyme activity. Each enzyme has an optimal temperature and pH at which it functions best. Deviations from these optimal conditions can cause the enzyme to denature (lose its shape) and thus reduce or stop its activity.
5. A: Substrate; B: Enzyme; C: Enzyme - substrate complex; D: Products; E: Enzyme (regenerated). Enzymes bind to specific substrates to form an enzyme - substrate complex. The reaction occurs, and products are formed, after which the enzyme is released unchanged.

Answer:

1. Proteins
2. Amino acids
3. Biological catalysts
4. Deviations from optimal temperature and pH can denature enzymes and reduce/stop activity
5. A. Substrate; B. Enzyme; C. Enzyme - substrate complex; D. Products; E. Enzyme