Question

22 nitrogenous base
23 mutation
24 mutagenic agents
25 alleles
a version of a gene
26 dominant
a trait that will always show (bb, bb)
27 recessive
needs two copies of the allele to show (bb)
28 homozygous
two of the same alleles (bb or bb)
29 heterozygous
two different alleles (bb)
30 phenotype
physical appearance (looks)
31 genotype
what alleles you have (bb, bb, bb)
32 diversity
33 deletion
34 template
35 inheritance
36 hereditary
37
38
39
40
41
42
19

Explanation:

Definitions are standard genetics terms, simplified for clarity:

1. Nitrogenous Base: DNA/RNA building blocks (A,T,C,G/U)
2. Mutation: Permanent DNA sequence change
3. Mutagenic Agents: Substances causing DNA mutations
4. Dominant: Allele expressed over recessive
5. Recessive: Allele masked by dominant (needs two copies)
6. Diversity: Genetic variation in a population
7. Deletion: DNA segment is lost/missing
8. Template: DNA strand used to build new DNA/RNA
9. Inheritance: Passing genes from parent to offspring
10. Hereditary: Traits passed via genetic inheritance

Answer:

1. Nitrogenous Base: A nitrogen-containing molecule that forms the building blocks of DNA and RNA (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, uracil)
2. Mutation: A permanent change in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome
3. Mutagenic Agents: Substances or factors that cause changes (mutations) in an organism's DNA
4. Dominant: An allele that is expressed in the phenotype even when paired with a recessive allele (e.g., B in Bb)
5. Recessive: An allele that is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies are present (e.g., bb)
6. Diversity: The range of different genetic traits and alleles present in a population or species
7. Deletion: A type of mutation where a segment of DNA is lost or removed from a chromosome
8. Template: A strand of DNA that is used as a guide to synthesize a new complementary DNA or RNA strand during replication or transcription
9. Inheritance: The process by which genetic information (traits) is passed from parent organisms to their offspring
10. Hereditary: Describing a trait or condition that is passed from parents to offspring through their genes