25. biodiversity refers to—
a. number of ecosystems only
b. variety of living organisms
c. population size
d. amount of energy
26. human activities that reduce biodiversity include—
a. conservation
b. recycling
c. habitat destruction
d. reforestation
27. one way to conserve energy at home is to—
a. leave lights on
b. use energy - efficient appliances
c. increase heating
d. waste water
28. most of earth’s water is found in—
a. rivers
b. lakes
c. glaciers
d. oceans
29. freshwater makes up about what percentage of earth’s total water?
a. 3%
b. 10%
c. 25%
d. 50%
30. which form of freshwater is the largest source available for human use?
a. ice caps
b. groundwater
c. rivers
d. atmosphere
31. porous rock is important because it—
a. prevents water movement
b. absorbs sunlight
c. allows water to pass through
d. creates clouds
32. which activity can lower the water table?
a. heavy rainfall
b. plant growth
c. excessive pumping of wells
d. cloud formation
33. the main cause of water pollution is—
a. natural evaporation
b. human activity
c. ocean tides
d. plant growth
34. point - source pollution—
a. comes from many sources
b. is hard to identify
c. comes from a single, known source
d. is always natural
35. an example of point - source pollution is—
a. runoff from farms
b. oil spill from a tanker
c. acid rain
d. litter on streets
36. fertilizers entering waterways can cause—
a. reduced oxygen levels
b. increased biodiversity
c. cleaner water
d. less algae
37. which method helps conserve water?
a. long showers
b. fixing leaks
c. over - irrigation
d. dumping waste

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 25
# Brief Explanations:
Biodiversity is defined as the variety of living organisms in an area, including species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity. Option A is incorrect as it's not just ecosystems; C is about population size, not diversity; D is about energy, not related.
# Answer: B. Variety of living organisms

### Question 26
# Brief Explanations:
Habitat destruction (C) is a human activity that destroys the homes of species, reducing biodiversity. Conservation (A) and reforestation (D) help biodiversity, recycling (B) is environmental but not directly reducing biodiversity.
# Answer: C. Habitat destruction

### Question 27
# Brief Explanations:
Using energy - efficient appliances (B) reduces energy consumption at home. Leaving lights on (A), increasing heating (C), and wasting water (D) are inefficient or wasteful, not energy - conserving.
# Answer: B. Use energy - efficient appliances

### Question 28
# Brief Explanations:
Oceans (D) hold about 97% of Earth's water. Rivers (A) and lakes (B) have small amounts, glaciers (C) have freshwater but less than oceans in total water volume.
# Answer: D. Oceans

### Question 29
# Brief Explanations:
Freshwater makes up about 3% (A) of Earth's total water. 10% (B), 25% (C), and 50% (D) are incorrect percentages for freshwater's share.
# Answer: A. 3%

### Question 30
# Brief Explanations:
Groundwater (B) is the largest freshwater source available for human use. Ice caps (A) are freshwater but not easily accessible, rivers (C) have small volumes, and the atmosphere (D) has very little water.
# Answer: B. Groundwater

### Question 31
# Brief Explanations:
Porous rock has spaces that allow water to pass through (C). It doesn't prevent water movement (A), absorb sunlight (B), or create clouds (D).
# Answer: C. Allows water to pass through

### Question 32
# Brief Explanations:
Excessive pumping of wells (C) removes water from the ground, lowering the water table. Heavy rainfall (A) raises the water table, plant growth (B) and cloud formation (D) don't directly lower the water table.
# Answer: C. Excessive pumping of wells

### Question 33
# Brief Explanations:
Human activities like industrial waste, sewage, etc., are the main cause of water pollution (B). Natural evaporation (A), ocean tides (C), and plant growth (D) are natural or not major pollution causes.
# Answer: B. Human activity

### Question 34
# Brief Explanations:
Point - source pollution comes from a single, known source (C). It doesn't come from many sources (A), is easy to identify (opposite of B), and isn't always natural (D is wrong).
# Answer: C. Comes from a single, known source

### Question 35
# Brief Explanations:
An oil spill from a tanker (B) is from a single, known source (point - source). Runoff from farms (A) is non - point source, acid rain (C) is from multiple sources, and litter on streets (D) is non - point.
# Answer: B. Oil spill from a tanker

### Question 36
# Brief Explanations:
Fertilizers in waterways cause algal blooms, which then die and decompose, using oxygen and reducing oxygen levels (A). It doesn't increase biodiversity (B), make water cleaner (C), or reduce algae (D).
# Answer: A. Reduced oxygen levels

### Question 37
# Brief Explanations:
Fixing leaks (B) prevents water waste, conserving water. Long showers (A), over - irrigation (C), and dumping waste (D) waste water or are harmful, not water - conserving.
# Answer: B. Fixing leaks

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