Question

activity c: breaking the egg get the gizmo ready: - click reset. - check that the coefficient of friction is 0.00. introduction: as the car rolls down a hill, it speeds up, gaining kinetic energy. the car also gains momentum. the magnitude of an object’s momentum (p) can be found by multiplying the mass and speed (p = mv). question: what determines whether the car will break the egg? 1. form hypothesis: which factor(s) do you think determine whether the car breaks the egg? - the mass of the car only - the momentum of the car - the speed of the car only - the kinetic energy of the car 2. collect data: use the gizmo to find the minimum hill height at which each car breaks the egg. in the table below, fill in the hill height (in centimeters and meters), and the speed of the car (in cm/s and m/s). leave the last two columns blank for now. | car mass (kg) | height (cm) | height (m) | speed (cm/s) | speed (m/s) | momentum (kg·m/s) | kinetic energy (j) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 0.035 kg | 48 | | 234.4 | | | | | 0.050 kg | | | | | | | | 0.100 kg | | | | | | |

Explanation:

Sub - question 1 (Form hypothesis)

To determine if the car breaks the egg, we consider the concepts of momentum and kinetic energy. Momentum is given by \(p = mv\) and kinetic energy is \(KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}\). The ability to break the egg depends on the impact, which is related to the amount of "force - like" effect the car has, and this is related to momentum (since momentum change is related to impulse, \(J=\Delta p\)) or kinetic energy (since energy transfer is involved in breaking the egg). The mass only or speed only is incorrect because both mass and speed contribute. So the correct factor is the momentum of the car (or kinetic energy, but momentum is more directly related to the impact here as impulse is change in momentum). The incorrect options: "The mass of the car only" is wrong as speed matters too; "The speed of the car only" is wrong as mass matters too.

Answer:

The momentum of the car