Question

activity c (continued from previous page) 5. summarize: now create a balanced equation for that shows the entire hydrolysis reaction. (in other words, the equation should show how the oligosaccharide broke up into three separate glucose molecules.) 6. compare: how do hydrolysis reactions compare to dehydration synthesis reactions? turn on show current formula/equation to check your answer.

Explanation:

Step1: Recall hydrolysis and dehydration - synthesis

Hydrolysis is the breakdown of a compound by adding water, while dehydration - synthesis is the formation of a compound with the removal of water.

Step2: Write general hydrolysis equation for oligosaccharide

Let the oligosaccharide be \(C_xH_yO_z\). The general hydrolysis equation for an oligosaccharide breaking into three glucose molecules (\(C_6H_{12}O_6\)) is \(C_xH_yO_z + nH_2O
ightarrow3C_6H_{12}O_6\). For a trisaccharide (an oligosaccharide made of three monosaccharides), the reaction is \(C_{18}H_{32}O_{16}+2H_2O
ightarrow3C_6H_{12}O_6\).

Step3: Compare with dehydration - synthesis

In dehydration - synthesis, the reaction to form the trisaccharide from three glucose molecules would be \(3C_6H_{12}O_6
ightarrow C_{18}H_{32}O_{16}+2H_2O\). In hydrolysis, water is a reactant and the oligosaccharide is broken down, while in dehydration - synthesis, water is a product and the larger molecule (oligosaccharide) is formed.

Answer:

In hydrolysis of an oligosaccharide into glucose molecules, water is consumed to break the glycosidic bonds. The general equation for an oligosaccharide breaking into three glucose molecules is \(C_xH_yO_z + nH_2O
ightarrow3C_6H_{12}O_6\). In dehydration - synthesis, the reverse occurs where water is produced as smaller molecules (glucose) combine to form the oligosaccharide. For example, for a trisaccharide, hydrolysis: \(C_{18}H_{32}O_{16}+2H_2O
ightarrow3C_6H_{12}O_6\) and dehydration - synthesis: \(3C_6H_{12}O_6
ightarrow C_{18}H_{32}O_{16}+2H_2O\).