Question

african enslaved persons outnumbered free people 10 to 1 in saint domingue, which led to
a massive and successful uprising.
a good education for toussaint louverture.
the release of general toussaint louverture by the french.
strong and relentless control by plantation owners.

Explanation:

In Saint-Domingue (modern Haiti), the extreme 10:1 ratio of enslaved Africans to free people created the numerical strength and collective motivation for a large-scale rebellion. This uprising, led in part by Toussaint L'Ouverture, ultimately succeeded in gaining independence. The other options are not direct outcomes of the population imbalance: Toussaint's education was unrelated to the population ratio, his release by the French was a later negotiation, and while plantation owners used harsh control, the population disparity enabled the uprising as the defining outcome.

Answer:

a massive and successful uprising.