Question

alzheimer’s, the neurodegenerative disease, is believed to be due to excessive build up of certain abnormally folded proteins which ultimately disrupt the brain function. which organelle is responsible for preventing the abnormal proteins damaging the neurons in the brain?
answer options: proteasomes, peroxisomes, lysosomes, i dont know yet

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze the function of each organelle:

• Proteasomes: Degrade abnormal or misfolded proteins. In neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, the accumulation of abnormal proteins is a key issue. Proteasomes are responsible for breaking down such misfolded proteins to prevent their buildup and subsequent damage to neurons.
• Peroxisomes: Mainly involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification (e.g., breaking down hydrogen peroxide), not protein degradation related to abnormal proteins in this context.
• Lysosomes: Primarily involved in breaking down cellular waste, macromolecules, and pathogens through hydrolysis, but their main role is not the targeted degradation of misfolded proteins like proteasomes.

So, proteasomes are the organelles responsible for preventing abnormal proteins from damaging neurons.

Answer:

Proteasomes (the option with "Proteasomes" text, select the corresponding radio button for it)