Question

(b): answer the following questions:

1. what geological features on mars suggest that liquid water may have existed in the past?

• there is ancient riverbeds

1. how does phobos differ from deimos in terms of size and orbit?

• phobos is larger and is orbiting in

1. what are the theories about the origins of phobos and deimos?

• they are thought to be asteroid

(c): match the words with their definitions by writing the correct letter in the box next to the number.

	1. captivated	a. fascinated or attracted by something
	2. intriguing	b. slowly over time, in small steps
	3. extensive	c. leftover pieces or remains
	4. remnants	d. interesting because it is unusual or not fully understood
	5. gradually	e. made up of different parts or elements
	6. irregularly	f. turning or moving in a curve or spiral
	7. composed	g. not occurring at regular intervals or patterns
	8. predict	h. large in amount or covering a wide area
	9. spiraling	i. to guess what will happen in the future based on evidence
	10. mysterious	j. having a quality of secrecy or being hard to explain

Explanation:

For part (B), questions are about Mars' geological features and its moons, which are topics in astronomy (a sub - field of natural science). For part (C), it's a vocabulary - matching exercise. Match each word with its closest definition based on common English language usage.

1. "Captivated" means being fascinated or attracted, so it matches A.
2. "Intriguing" means interesting because it's unusual or not fully understood, so it matches D.
3. "Extensive" means large in amount or covering a wide area, so it matches H.
4. "Remnants" means leftover pieces or remains, so it matches C.
5. "Gradually" means slowly over time, in small steps, so it matches B.
6. "Irregularly" means not occurring at regular intervals or patterns, so it matches G.
7. "Composed" means made up of different parts or elements, so it matches E.
8. "Predict" means to guess what will happen in the future based on evidence, so it matches I.
9. "Spiraling" means turning or moving in a curve or spiral, so it matches F.
10. "Mysterious" means having a quality of secrecy or being hard to explain, so it matches J.

Answer:

(B)

1. Ancient riverbeds suggest that liquid water may have existed on Mars in the past.
2. Phobos is larger and has a different orbit compared to Deimos. (The original answer in the image is incomplete. A more detailed answer could be: Phobos is about 22.2 km in diameter while Deimos is about 12.6 km in diameter. Phobos orbits closer to Mars and more frequently than Deimos.)
3. Phobos and Deimos are thought to be asteroids that were captured by Mars' gravity.

(C)

1. A
2. D
3. H
4. C
5. B
6. G
7. E
8. I
9. F
10. J