atom reading and questions. answer the questions on a separate sheet of paper. 1. what is an atom? 2. what is the nucleus made up of? 3. how do you determine the mass of an element? 4. what does amu stand for? 5. how do you determine a type of element? 6. what is an electron? 7. what is the charge of an electron? 8. what is the charge of a proton? 9. what is the charge of a neutron? 10. what is the charge of an atom? link to periodic table to help answer \you try\ questions on the atom atoms are the basic units of matter. up space in the universe. the idea th was first suggested in 440 b.c. by th these particles \atomos\ which mea chemist named john dalton built on theory. scientists such as ernest ruth thompson proved that the atom was known as protons, neutrons, and ele in the center of an atom is the nucle particles called protons and neutrons and neutrons are neutral and have no about the same mass and are said to atoms all have at least one proton in t an atom determines what type of ele atoms have one proton and all helium neutrons in atoms of the same elemen element that doesnt have at least one electrons are negatively charged partic electron shells or levels. electrons have proton. they are very small and do not the total mass of the atom is made up nucleus. however, the nucleus is very s most of the volume of an atom is empty a regular atom has the same number of electrons. this means that atoms are ele neutral, the positive charges equal the charges. hydrogen has one proton and o helium has two protons and two electror later, you will learn how atoms can lose electrons and become what are known a

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### Question 1: What is an atom?
# Brief Explanations:
From the text, atoms are the basic units of matter that make up space in the universe. The concept was first suggested in 440 B.C., and later scientists like John Dalton, Ernest Rutherford, and J.J. Thompson contributed to understanding them as having protons, neutrons, and electrons.
# Answer:
Atoms are the basic units of matter that make up all the space in the universe. The idea of atoms was first suggested in 440 B.C., and they are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons (with contributions from scientists like John Dalton, Ernest Rutherford, and J.J. Thompson to our understanding of their structure).

### Question 2: What is the nucleus made up of?
# Brief Explanations:
The text states that in the center of an atom is the nucleus, which is made up of particles called protons and neutrons.
# Answer:
The nucleus is made up of particles called protons and neutrons.

### Question 3: How do you determine the mass of an element?
# Brief Explanations:
The text says the total mass of the atom is made up of the mass of the nucleus (since electrons have negligible mass). The nucleus's mass comes from protons and neutrons, so the mass of an element's atom is determined by the sum of the masses of its protons and neutrons (as electrons contribute little to the overall mass).
# Answer:
The mass of an element (its atom) is determined by the sum of the masses of its protons and neutrons (since electrons have a negligible mass contribution, and the nucleus contains protons and neutrons).

### Question 4: What does AMU stand for?
# Brief Explanations:
While the text doesn't directly state what AMU stands for, based on atomic structure knowledge, AMU stands for Atomic Mass Unit, a unit used to measure the mass of atomic particles (protons, neutrons, atoms of elements). Given the context of atomic mass in the question, this is the standard definition.
# Answer:
AMU stands for Atomic Mass Unit (a unit used to measure the mass of atomic particles like protons, neutrons, and atoms of elements).

### Question 5: How do you determine a type of element?
# Brief Explanations:
The text states "Atoms all have at least one proton in [the nucleus], and the number of protons in an atom determines what type of element" it is. So the number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines the type of element.
# Answer:
The type of element is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus of its atom.

### Question 6: What is an electron?
# Brief Explanations:
From the text, "Electrons are negatively charged particles" that orbit in electron shells or levels around the nucleus. They have a much smaller mass than protons and are very small in size.
# Answer:
An electron is a negatively charged particle that orbits in electron shells or levels around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons have a much smaller mass than protons and are very small in size.

### Question 7: What is the charge of an electron?
# Brief Explanations:
The text says "Electrons are negatively charged particles", so the charge of an electron is negative.
# Answer:
The charge of an electron is negative.

### Question 8: What is the charge of a proton?
# Brief Explanations:
From the text (implied by the contrast with electrons and neutrons), and atomic structure knowledge, protons have a positive charge (and neutrons are neutral, electrons negative). The text also sets up the charge balance in atoms (positive charges from protons, negative from electrons), so protons are positively charged.
# Answer:
The charge of a proton is positive.

### Question 9: What is the charge of a neutron?
# Brief Explanations:
The text states "neutrons are neutral and have no [charge]". So neutrons have a neutral (no) charge.
# Answer:
The charge of a neutron is neutral (it has no charge).

### Question 10: What is the charge of an atom?
# Brief Explanations:
The text says "A regular atom has the same number of [protons] and electrons. This means that atoms are electrically neutral, the positive charges [from protons] equal the negative charges [from electrons]." So a regular atom has a neutral charge (positive and negative charges balance out).
# Answer:
A regular atom has a neutral charge because it has the same number of protons (positive charge) and electrons (negative charge), so the positive and negative charges balance out.

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Question 1: What is an atom?

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Question 2: What is the nucleus made up of?