Question

atomic basics
part a: atomic structure

1. draw five protons in the nucleus of the atom. label them with their charge.
2. draw six neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. label them with their charge.
3. draw two electrons in the first energy level and label them with their charge.
4. draw three electrons in the second energy level and label them with their charge.
5. what element is represented by the diagram?

part b: atomic calculations

1. label the information provided in the periodic table.

8 o oxygen 15.999

1. what does the atomic number represent?
2. what does the atomic mass represent?
3. how would you figure the number of protons or electrons in an atom?
4. how would you figure the number of neutrons in an atom?
5. use your knowledge of atomic calculations to complete the chart.

element	atomic number	atomic mass	protons	neutrons	electrons
p	15	31	15	16	15
cl	17	35	17	17	17
ni	28	59	28	31	28
k	19	39	19	20	19
ag	47	107	47	60	47
h	1	1	1	0	1
si	14	28.09	14	14	14
w	74	183	74	109	74
ne	10	20	10	10	10

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic - structure basics

Protons have a charge of + 1, neutrons have a charge of 0, and electrons have a charge of - 1.

Step2: For question 5

The element with 5 protons is Boron (B). The atomic number is equal to the number of protons, and boron has an atomic number of 5.

Step3: For question 7

The atomic number represents the number of protons in an atom.

Step4: For question 8

The atomic mass represents the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

Step5: For question 9

The number of protons or electrons in a neutral atom is equal to the atomic number.

Step6: For question 10

The number of neutrons in an atom is calculated as: Neutrons=Atomic mass - Atomic number.

Step7: For question 11

For Li: Atomic number = 3, so protons = 3. Atomic mass = 7, neutrons=7 - 3=4, electrons = 3 (since it's neutral).
For P: Atomic number = 15, protons = 15. Atomic mass = 31, neutrons=31 - 15 = 16, electrons = 15.
For Cl: Atomic number = 17, protons = 17. Atomic mass = 35, neutrons=35 - 17 = 18, electrons = 17.
For Ni: Atomic number = 28, protons = 28. Atomic mass = 59, neutrons=59 - 28 = 31, electrons = 28.
For K: Atomic number = 19, protons = 19. Atomic mass = 39, neutrons=39 - 19 = 20, electrons = 19.
For Ag: Atomic number = 47, protons = 47. Atomic mass = 107, neutrons=107 - 47 = 60, electrons = 47.
For H: Atomic number = 1, protons = 1. Atomic mass = 1, neutrons=1 - 1 = 0, electrons = 1.
For Si: Atomic number = 14, protons = 14. Atomic mass = 28.09≈28, neutrons=28 - 14 = 14, electrons = 14.
For W: Atomic number = 74, protons = 74. Atomic mass = 183, neutrons=183 - 74 = 109, electrons = 74.
For Ne: Atomic number = 10, protons = 10. Atomic mass = 20, neutrons=20 - 10 = 10, electrons = 10.

Answer:

1. Boron
2. The number of protons in an atom
3. The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom
4. The atomic number
5. Neutrons = Atomic mass - Atomic number

11.

Element	Atomic Number	Atomic Mass	Protons	Neutrons	Electrons
P	15	31	15	16	15
Cl	17	35	17	18	17
Ni	28	59	28	31	28
K	19	39	19	20	19
Ag	47	107	47	60	47
H	1	1	1	0	1
Si	14	28.09≈28	14	14	14
W	74	183	74	109	74
Ne	10	20	10	10	10