background essay questions
1. who was the absolute monarch of france in 1789?
2. what were three serious problems that faced louis xvi in the 1780s?
3. in what year did the french revolution begin? was this shortly before or shortly after the american revolution?
4. in august 1789 what three words became the rallying cry of the french revolution?
5. why were members of the french nobility and the french catholic church upset about the revolution?
6. who became leader of the radical wing of the revolutionary government?
7. define new terms, events, or individuals on the list that appears on the last page of this packet.
timeline
1762 – rousseau writes the social contract.
1776 – united states declares independence.
1789 – storming of the bastille in paris, symbol of the french revolution
1789 – united states constitution is ratified.
1791 – slave revolt in the french colony of saint domingue, now known as haiti
1793 – 1794 – reign of terror in france
1799 – napoleon becomes virtual dictator of france.

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
In 1789, the absolute monarch of France was Louis XVI. Historical records confirm his reign during the start of the French Revolution.
# Answer:
Louis XVI

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
Louis XVI faced financial crisis (due to war debts/poor taxation), food shortages (bad harvests), and political unrest (rising discontent with absolute rule). These issues destabilized his rule.
# Answer:
1. Financial crisis (war debts, inefficient taxation). 2. Food shortages (bad harvests, high bread prices). 3. Political unrest (growing opposition to absolute monarchy).

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
The French Revolution began in 1789 (Storming of Bastille). The American Revolution ended around 1783, so the French Revolution began shortly after.
# Answer:
1789; shortly after the American Revolution.

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
In August 1789, the National Assembly adopted "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" as the revolutionary rallying cry, representing the revolution's ideals.
# Answer:
Liberty, Equality, Fraternity

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
The nobility lost feudal privileges (tax exemptions, land rights), and the Church lost its tithes, land, and role in governance (Civil Constitution of the Clergy), angering both groups.
# Answer:
Nobility: Lost feudal privileges (tax exemptions, land rights). Church: Lost tithes, land, and political influence (Civil Constitution of the Clergy).

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
Maximilien Robespierre led the radical Jacobin wing of the revolutionary government, overseeing the Reign of Terror to eliminate counter - revolutionaries.
# Answer:
Maximilien Robespierre

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
Since the list on the last page is not provided, here's a general approach: For terms like "Reign of Terror", it was a period (1793 - 1794) of extreme violence in the French Revolution to suppress enemies. For events like "Storming of the Bastille" (1789), it symbolized the start of the revolution. For individuals like "Rousseau", he was a philosopher who wrote "The Social Contract" (1762), influencing revolutionary ideas.
# Answer:
(Example for a term if "Reign of Terror" was on the list) Reign of Terror: A period (1793 - 1794) during the French Revolution marked by extreme violence and executions to suppress counter - revolutionary activities, led by Robespierre.

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