basic atomic structure worksheet
1. the 3 particles of the atom are:
a. _______________
b. _______________
c. _______________
their respective charges are:
a. _______________
b. _______________
c. _______________
2. the number of protons in one atom of an element determines the atom’s _______________, and the
number of electrons determines the _______________ of the element.
3. the atomic number tells you the number of _______________ in one atom of an element. it also
tells you the number of _______________ in a neutral atom of that element. the atomic number
gives the “identity” of an element as well as its location on the periodic table. no two different elements will
have the _______________ atomic number.
4. the _______________ of an element is the average mass of an element’s naturally occurring atom, or
isotopes, taking into account the _______________ of each isotope.
5. the _______________ of an element is the total number of protons and neutrons in the
_______________ of the atom.
6. the mass number is used to calculate the number of _______________ in one atom of an element. in
order to calculate the number of neutrons you must subtract the _______________ from the
_______________.
7. give the symbol of and the number of protons in one atom of:
lithium _______________ bromine _______________
iron _______________ copper _______________
oxygen _______________ mercury _______________
krypton _______________ helium _______________
8. give the symbol of and the number of electrons in a neutral atom of:
uranium _______________ iodine _______________
boron _______________ xenon _______________
chlorine_______________
9. give the symbol of and the number of neutrons in one atom of:
(mass numbers are always whole numbers...show your calculations)
barium _______________ bismuth _______________
carbon _______________ hydrogen_______________
fluorine_______________ magnesium_______________
europium_______________ mercury _______________

Question

basic atomic structure worksheet
1. the 3 particles of the atom are:
   a. _______________
   b. _______________
   c. _______________
   their respective charges are:
   a. _______________
   b. _______________
   c. _______________
2. the number of protons in one atom of an element determines the atom’s _______________, and the
   number of electrons determines the _______________ of the element.
3. the atomic number tells you the number of _______________ in one atom of an element. it also
   tells you the number of _______________ in a neutral atom of that element. the atomic number
   gives the “identity” of an element as well as its location on the periodic table. no two different elements will
   have the _______________ atomic number.
4. the _______________ of an element is the average mass of an element’s naturally occurring atom, or
   isotopes, taking into account the _______________ of each isotope.
5. the _______________ of an element is the total number of protons and neutrons in the
   _______________ of the atom.
6. the mass number is used to calculate the number of _______________ in one atom of an element. in
   order to calculate the number of neutrons you must subtract the _______________ from the
   _______________.
7. give the symbol of and the number of protons in one atom of:
   lithium  _______________        bromine  _______________
   iron    _______________        copper   _______________
   oxygen  _______________        mercury  _______________
   krypton _______________        helium   _______________
8. give the symbol of and the number of electrons in a neutral atom of:
   uranium _______________        iodine   _______________
   boron   _______________        xenon    _______________
   chlorine_______________
9. give the symbol of and the number of neutrons in one atom of:
   (mass numbers are always whole numbers...show your calculations)
   barium  _______________        bismuth  _______________
   carbon  _______________        hydrogen_______________
   fluorine_______________        magnesium_______________
   europium_______________        mercury  _______________

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Explanation:
## Step1: Recall atomic particles
Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
## Step2: Recall their charges
Protons have a positive charge ($+$), neutrons have no charge (neutral), and electrons have a negative charge ($-$).
# Answer:
a. Proton
b. Neutron
c. Electron

Their respective charges are:
a. $+$ (positive)
b. Neutral (no charge)
c. $-$ (negative)

### Question 2
# Explanation:
## Step1: Protons and atomic identity
The number of protons in an atom determines the element's atomic number, which gives the atom's identity (what element it is).
## Step2: Electrons and element's properties
The number of electrons (in a neutral atom, equal to protons) determines the chemical properties of the element, as electrons are involved in chemical bonding.
# Answer:
The number of protons in one atom of an element determines the atom’s $\boldsymbol{\text{atomic number (identity)}}$, and the number of electrons determines the $\boldsymbol{\text{chemical properties}}$ of the element.

### Question 3
# Explanation:
## Step1: Atomic number and protons
The atomic number is defined as the number of protons in an atom of an element.
## Step2: Atomic number and electrons (neutral atom)
In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the number of protons, so the atomic number also tells the number of electrons.
## Step3: Unique atomic number
No two different elements have the same atomic number (it is unique to each element).
# Answer:
The atomic number tells you the number of $\boldsymbol{\text{protons}}$ in one atom of an element. It also tells you the number of $\boldsymbol{\text{electrons}}$ in a neutral atom of that element. The atomic number gives the “identity” of an element as well as its location on the periodic table. No two different elements will have the $\boldsymbol{\text{same}}$ atomic number.

### Question 4
# Explanation:
## Step1: Atomic mass definition
The atomic mass (or atomic weight) of an element is the average mass of its naturally occurring atoms (isotopes).
## Step2: Isotope abundance
This average takes into account the relative abundance (how common each isotope is) of each isotope.
# Answer:
The $\boldsymbol{\text{atomic mass (atomic weight)}}$ of an element is the average mass of an element’s naturally occurring atom, or isotopes, taking into account the $\boldsymbol{\text{relative abundance}}$ of each isotope.

### Question 5
# Explanation:
## Step1: Mass number definition
The mass number of an element is the total number of protons and neutrons.
## Step2: Location of protons/neutrons
Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus of the atom.
# Answer:
The $\boldsymbol{\text{mass number}}$ of an element is the total number of protons and neutrons in the $\boldsymbol{\text{nucleus}}$ of the atom.

### Question 6
# Explanation:
## Step1: Mass number and neutrons
The mass number ($A$) is $A = \text{protons} + \text{neutrons}$. To find neutrons, rearrange: $\text{neutrons} = A - \text{protons}$ (atomic number, $Z$).
## Step2: Formula for neutrons
Thus, the mass number is used to calculate neutrons, and you subtract the atomic number (protons) from the mass number.
# Answer:
The mass number is used to calculate the number of $\boldsymbol{\text{neutrons}}$ in one atom of an element. In order to calculate the number of neutrons you must subtract the $\boldsymbol{\text{atomic number (number of protons)}}$ from the $\boldsymbol{\text{mass number}}$.

### Question 7
# Explanation:
## Step1: Lithium
Lithium has symbol $ \text{Li} $, atomic number 3 (so 3 protons).
## Step2: Iron
Iron has symbol $ \text{Fe} $, atomic number 26 (26 protons).
## Step3: Oxygen
Oxygen has symbol $ \text{O} $, atomic number 8 (8 protons).
## Step4: Krypton
Krypton has symbol $ \text{Kr} $, atomic number 36 (36 protons).
## Step5: Bromine
Bromine has symbol $ \text{Br} $, atomic number 35 (35 protons).
## Step6: Copper
Copper has symbol $ \text{Cu} $, atomic number 29 (29 protons).
## Step7: Mercury
Mercury has symbol $ \text{Hg} $, atomic number 80 (80 protons).
## Step8: Helium
Helium has symbol $ \text{He} $, atomic number 2 (2 protons).
# Answer:
Lithium: $ \text{Li} $, 3 protons
Iron: $ \text{Fe} $, 26 protons
Oxygen: $ \text{O} $, 8 protons
Krypton: $ \text{Kr} $, 36 protons
Bromine: $ \text{Br} $, 35 protons
Copper: $ \text{Cu} $, 29 protons
Mercury: $ \text{Hg} $, 80 protons
Helium: $ \text{He} $, 2 protons

### Question 8
# Explanation:
## Step1: Neutral atom electrons
In a neutral atom, electrons = protons (atomic number).
## Step2: Uranium
Uranium: symbol $ \text{U} $, atomic number 92 → 92 electrons.
## Step3: Boron
Boron: symbol $ \text{B} $, atomic number 5 → 5 electrons.
## Step4: Chlorine
Chlorine: symbol $ \text{Cl} $, atomic number 17 → 17 electrons.
## Step5: Iodine
Iodine: symbol $ \text{I} $, atomic number 53 → 53 electrons.
## Step6: Xenon
Xenon: symbol $ \text{Xe} $, atomic number 54 → 54 electrons.
# Answer:
Uranium: $ \text{U} $, 92 electrons
Boron: $ \text{B} $, 5 electrons
Chlorine: $ \text{Cl} $, 17 electrons
Iodine: $ \text{I} $, 53 electrons
Xenon: $ \text{Xe} $, 54 electrons

### Question 9 (Example: Carbon, assuming mass number 12)
# Explanation:
## Step1: Carbon details
Carbon: symbol $ \text{C} $, atomic number (protons) = 6, mass number (e.g., 12 for most common isotope).
## Step2: Calculate neutrons
Neutrons = mass number – atomic number = $ 12 - 6 = 6 $.
(Note: For other elements, follow the same formula: neutrons = mass number – atomic number. Mass numbers are whole numbers, e.g., Barium: mass number ~137, protons=56 → neutrons=137-56=81; Bismuth: mass ~209, protons=83 → 209-83=126; Hydrogen: mass ~1, protons=1 → 0; Fluorine: mass ~19, protons=9 → 10; Magnesium: mass ~24, protons=12 → 12; Mercury: mass ~201, protons=80 → 121; Europium: mass ~152, protons=63 → 89.)
# Answer (Carbon example):
Carbon: $ \text{C} $, neutrons = $ 12 - 6 = 6 $ (mass number 12 assumed).

(For other elements, apply $ \text{neutrons} = \text{mass number} - \text{atomic number} $ with appropriate mass numbers.)

Sovi.AI - AI Math Tutor

QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Question 1

Step1: Recall atomic particles

Step2: Recall their charges

Step1: Protons and atomic identity

Step2: Electrons and element's properties

Step1: Atomic number and protons

Step2: Atomic number and electrons (neutral atom)

Step3: Unique atomic number

Answer:

Question 2