Question

below are a set of scenarios and ideas that a psychologist from a particular perspective might use. choose the best perspective of the following: psychodynamic, behavioral/learning, cognitive, humanistic, biological, socio - cultural psychology.

1. when learning song lyrics, you are using techniques from this perspective.
2. how the body and brain creates emotions, memories, and sensory experiences.
3. examining the whole person, not just their biology or culture - we need to examine the entirety of a person and his/her perceptions of their world.
4. looking at thinking and the \unconscious mind\ is folly. psychology should examine only observable behavior.
5. the biggest influence on personality is what happens to us from birth to five years.
6. the biggest influence on personality is a persons genetics.
7. the biggest influence on personality is a person s culture.
8. individual free will is more important for a person becoming who they are as any other factor.
9. our mind uses defense mechanisms to reduce anxiety when we face uncomfortable realities.
10. teachers will attempt to make the classroom a \safe place\ so you can maximize your comfort level and learn more effectively.
11. schools provide meals for students so they can avoid hunger and be able to learn more effectively.
12. teachers will often get some students to study more by offering extra credit
13. if you show the same picture of a house on a hill to a maori and to someone from iowa, the maori is more likely to be interested in the hillside, while the iowan is more likely to be interested in the house.
14. the reason students will act inappropriately in school is because of how they were raised in their home environment - they never learned how to behave properly but were reinforced to act without manners.
15. a student tells a teacher to \f - off\ while walking out of class. the reason for that was because the student under the influence of an illicit substance.
16. a student plays the role of \class clown\ in one class and the role of \brain\ in another class. this approach explains it by examining a students interpretations of how well the student assesses his/her own abilities in each subject.
17. a student realizes that she and her boyfriend just cannot continue dating - he really like monster truck races and working on his car. she prefers the finer things in life such as gourmet foods and expensive clothes/fashion. they just cannot agree on what to do together. they come from two different worlds.
18. a sports psychologist will work with an athlete to help him/her visualize the proper mechanics of the sport to improve performance.
19. an athlete knows that there will be a bonus if s/he scores more than 25 points in this last game. which perspective is being utilized?
20. david eagleman wrote \incognito: the secret lives of the brain.\ from which perspective does he write?
21. as children, we need unconditional positive regard (acceptance without anything in return) in order to grow up and become healthy adults
22. daniel kahneman wrote \thinking, fast and slow.\ from which perspective is he writing?

Explanation:

1. Cognitive - Learning song lyrics involves mental processes like memory and encoding.
2. Biological - Focuses on the body and brain's role in creating emotions, memories, etc.
3. Humanistic - Emphasizes examining the whole person and their perceptions.
4. Behavioral/Learning - Advocates studying only observable behavior, rejecting the unconscious.
5. Psychodynamic - Stresses early - life experiences (birth to five years) on personality.
6. Biological - Attributes personality mainly to genetics.
7. Socio - cultural Psychology - Considers culture as the main influence on personality.
8. Humanistic - Values individual free will highly.
9. Psychodynamic - Defense mechanisms are a key concept in psychodynamic theory.
10. Behavioral/Learning - Creating a "safe place" to enhance learning is a behavioral approach.
11. Behavioral/Learning - Meeting basic needs (like hunger) to improve learning is behavioral.
12. Behavioral/Learning - Using extra credit as a reinforcement is a behavioral technique.
13. Socio - cultural Psychology - Different cultural backgrounds lead to different interests.
14. Behavioral/Learning - Behavior is seen as a result of reinforcement in the home environment.
15. Biological - Blames an illicit substance (biological factor) for behavior.
16. Cognitive - Focuses on a student's self - assessment and interpretations.
17. Socio - cultural Psychology - Different cultural preferences lead to relationship issues.
18. Cognitive - Visualization is a cognitive technique for performance improvement.
19. Behavioral/Learning - A bonus as a form of reinforcement is behavioral.
20. Biological - "Incognito: The Secret Lives of the Brain" likely focuses on brain functions (biological).
21. Humanistic - Unconditional positive regard is a humanistic concept.
22. Cognitive - "Thinking, Fast and Slow" deals with cognitive processes.

Answer:

1. Cognitive
2. Biological
3. Humanistic
4. Behavioral/Learning
5. Psychodynamic
6. Biological
7. Socio - cultural Psychology
8. Humanistic
9. Psychodynamic
10. Behavioral/Learning
11. Behavioral/Learning
12. Behavioral/Learning
13. Socio - cultural Psychology
14. Behavioral/Learning
15. Biological
16. Cognitive
17. Socio - cultural Psychology
18. Cognitive
19. Behavioral/Learning
20. Biological
21. Humanistic
22. Cognitive