Question

“bullying” means any written, verbal, or physical act, or any electronic communication, including, but not limited to, cyberbullying, that is intended or that a reasonable person would know is likely to harm 1 or more pupils either directly or indirectly by doing any of the following: (i) substantially interfering with educational opportunities, benefits, or programs of 1 or more pupils. (ii) adversely affecting the ability of a pupil to participate in or benefit from the school district’s or public school’s educational programs or activities by placing the pupil in reasonable fear of physical harm or by causing substantial emotional distress. (iii) having an actual and substantial detrimental effect on a pupil’s physical or mental health.

• “matt epling safe school law,” michigan legislature

according to this passage, which actions might be considered bullying? check all that apply.
□ verbal insults
□ physical acts
□ written remarks
□ private journaling
□ electronic communication

Explanation:

1. For "verbal insults": The passage defines bullying as including verbal acts intended to harm pupils, so verbal insults fit.
2. For "physical acts": The passage lists physical acts as a form of bullying (harm pupils directly/indirectly).
3. For "written remarks": Written acts (like written remarks) are included in the definition of bullying (written acts intended to harm).
4. For "private journaling": Private journaling is personal and not intended to harm others, so it's not bullying.
5. For "electronic communication": The passage includes electronic communication (including cyberbullying) as a form of bullying.

Answer:

• verbal insults
• physical acts
• written remarks
• electronic communication