Question

chapter 21 lesson 1

1. identify four short-term effects of tobacco use on the body?
2. identify five long-term effects of tobacco use?
3. describe each of the following tobacco related substance and explain its effect on the human body

a. nicotine -
b. tar -
c. carbon monoxide-

1. name and describe four other consequences of tobacco use.
2. name five body systems. briefly explain how tobacco use damages each

Explanation:

1. For short-term effects, these are immediate, reversible changes after tobacco use.
2. Long-term effects develop over prolonged tobacco exposure and are often chronic.
3. Each tobacco substance has a distinct composition and targeted bodily impact.
4. Other consequences cover non-physical or broader life impacts of tobacco use.
5. Body system damage links tobacco's chemical effects to organ system function impairment.

Answer:

1. Four short-term effects of tobacco use:

• Increased heart rate and blood pressure
• Reduced sense of taste and smell
• Irritation of the throat and lungs
• Dizziness and lightheadedness

1. Five long-term effects of tobacco use:

• Lung cancer and other respiratory cancers
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
• Coronary artery disease and heart attacks
• Chronic bronchitis and emphysema
• Reduced immune system function

1. Descriptions and effects of tobacco-related substances:

a. Nicotine: A highly addictive stimulant chemical; it increases heart rate, raises blood pressure, and triggers the release of dopamine, creating dependence.
b. Tar: A sticky, brown mixture of chemicals; it coats the lungs, damages air sacs, and accumulates over time to cause respiratory issues and cancer.
c. Carbon monoxide: A colorless, odorless gas; it binds to red blood cells more strongly than oxygen, reducing the blood's ability to carry oxygen to organs and tissues.

1. Four other consequences of tobacco use:

• Financial strain: Tobacco products are costly, creating long-term financial burden.
• Social isolation: Secondhand smoke can make others uncomfortable, limiting social interactions.
• Poor dental health: Stained teeth, gum disease, and increased risk of tooth loss.
• Reduced athletic performance: Impaired oxygen uptake and lung function lower endurance and strength.

1. Five body systems and tobacco-related damage:

• Respiratory system: Tar and chemicals irritate and inflame airways, destroy lung tissue, and increase infection risk.
• Cardiovascular system: Nicotine raises blood pressure/heart rate, and carbon monoxide reduces oxygen delivery, increasing heart disease risk.
• Nervous system: Nicotine disrupts neurotransmitters, causing addiction and impairing cognitive function over time.
• Digestive system: Chemicals damage the lining of the esophagus and stomach, increasing risk of ulcers and digestive cancers.
• Immune system: Tobacco suppresses immune cell function, making the body less able to fight off infections and diseases.