Question

completion
complete each statement on the line provided.

1. a(an) ________ has a definite volume and a definite shape.
2. materials can be classified as solids, liquids, or gases based on whether their shapes and ________ are definite or variable.
3. the shape of a material remains constant when it is moved from one container to another. this material is a(an) ________.
4. the ________ theory of matter states that all particles of matter are in constant motion.
5. ________ between the particles of a gas and the walls of the container cause pressure in a closed container of gas.
6. reducing the volume of a gas ______ its pressure if the ______ of the gas and the number of particles are constant.
7. a graph representing charles’s law shows that the ______ of a gas increases at the same rate as the ______ of the gas.
8. if you are using charles’s law to find the volume of a gas at a certain temperature, the temperature must be expressed in ________.
9. water boils when its vapor pressure becomes equal to ________ pressure.
10. during a(an) ________ change, the system releases energy to its surroundings.

short answer
use complete sentences to write the answers to the questions on the lines provided.

1. compare the shape and volume of solids, liquids, and gases.
2. why is the volume of a liquid constant?

Explanation:

1. Solids have definite volume and shape due to closely - packed particles.
2. Classification of materials into solids, liquids, or gases is based on whether their shapes and volumes are definite or variable.
3. A solid's shape remains constant when moved between containers.
4. The kinetic theory of matter states particles of matter are in constant motion.
5. Collisions between gas particles and container walls cause pressure.
6. Reducing gas volume increases its pressure when temperature and particle number are constant (Boyle's law).
7. Charles's law shows gas volume and temperature increase at the same rate.
8. Charles's law requires temperature to be in Kelvin.
9. Water boils when vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure.
10. In an exothermic change, energy is released to surroundings.

For short - answer 1: Solids have definite shape and volume. Liquids have definite volume but take the shape of the container. Gases have neither definite shape nor volume and fill the entire container.
For short - answer 2: The volume of a liquid is constant because the particles are close together and the intermolecular forces are strong enough to maintain a fixed amount of space occupied, although the shape can change to fit the container.

Answer:

1. solid
2. volumes
3. solid
4. kinetic
5. collisions
6. increases; temperature
7. volume; temperature
8. Kelvin
9. atmospheric
10. exothermic
11. Solids have a definite shape and definite volume. Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container. Gases have neither a definite shape nor a definite volume and fill the container they are in.
12. The volume of a liquid is constant because the particles in a liquid are close together and the intermolecular forces are strong enough to keep the particles from moving too far apart, although they can move past each other, allowing the liquid to take the shape of its container.