Question

1. consider the two examples below. in which instance is more work done?example aexample ba example ab example bc example a and example b represent the same amount of work.d neither example represents any work done.10. at what point on a roller coaster does the train have the highest potential energy?a at the bottom of the first dropb at the top of the second hillc when the train first leaves the loading stationd at the top of the first drop11. what energy transformations are occurring in this scenario?a electrical energy → mechanical energy → light energyb solar energy → electrical energy → light energyc solar energy → mechanical energy → light energyd solar energy → electrical energy → mechanical energy12. in reference to question #10, at what point on a roller coaster does the train have the highest kinetic energy?a at the bottom of the first dropb at the top of the second hillc when the train first leaves the loading stationd at the top of the first drop

Explanation:

Step1: Define work formula

Work is defined as $W = F \cdot d \cdot \cos\theta$, where $F$ is applied force, $d$ is displacement, and $\theta$ is the angle between $F$ and $d$. For lifting/raising an object, $F = mg$ (weight), $\theta=0^\circ$ so $\cos0^\circ=1$, so $W = mgh$. For sliding up an incline, the force to overcome gravity is $F = mg\sin\theta$, and displacement $d = \frac{h}{\sin\theta}$, so $W = mg\sin\theta \cdot \frac{h}{\sin\theta}=mgh$.

Step2: Compare work for Q9

Both examples have the same height $h=2m$. The work done against gravity is $W=mgh$ for both, so they are equal.

Step3: Analyze potential energy (Q10)

Gravitational potential energy is $PE = mgh$. Higher height $h$ means higher $PE$. The top of the first drop is the highest point, so it has maximum PE.

Step4: Analyze kinetic energy (Q12)

Kinetic energy is $KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$. At the bottom of the first drop, the coaster has converted maximum PE to KE, so speed and KE are highest.

Step5: Trace energy transformation (Q11)

Sun provides solar energy, which the solar panel converts to electrical energy. The electrical energy powers the computer (mechanical energy for parts) and the screen produces light energy.

Answer:

1. C. Example A and Example B represent the same amount of work.
2. D. at the top of the first drop
3. B. solar energy → electrical energy → light energy
4. A. at the bottom of the first drop