Question

the creation of initiative, referendum, and recall procedures during the progressive era resulted in —
a a system of separate schools for new immigrants
b the expansion of citizens’ direct participation in the democratic process
c a redistribution of the tax burden among citizens
d more sources of revenue for state governments

Explanation:

Initiative allows citizens to propose laws, referendum lets them vote on laws, and recall enables them to remove elected officials. These all expand direct - citizen participation in democracy.

Answer:

B. the expansion of citizens’ direct participation in the democratic process