Question

determine the hybridization of the nitrogen atom and oxygen atom in acetanilide, a synthetic organic compound introduced in therapy in 1886 as a fever - reducing drug. (hint: do not forget to add lone pairs where required)

the structure of acetanilide is shown (the image of the structure: a benzene ring connected to a -nh - group, and the -nh - group is connected to a -co - ch₃ group).

options:

• n ($sp^2$); o ($sp^2$)
• n ($sp^2$); o ($sp^3$)
• n ($sp^3$); o ($sp^2$)
• n ($sp$); o ($sp$)
• n ($sp$); o ($sp^2$)

question 15 (0.5 points)
listen
identify the line - angle structure for this compound.
$ch_2chch_2ch_2c(ch_3)_3$

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze nitrogen's bonding

The nitrogen in acetanilide forms 3 sigma bonds (1 to phenyl, 1 to H, 1 to carbonyl C) and has 1 lone pair. Total electron domains = 3 + 1 = 4. Hybridization for 4 domains is $sp^3$.

Step2: Analyze oxygen's bonding

The carbonyl oxygen forms 1 sigma bond to C and has 2 lone pairs. Total electron domains = 1 + 2 = 3. Hybridization for 3 domains is $sp^2$.

Step3: Draw line-angle structure

For $\text{CH}_2\text{CHCH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{C(CH}_3\text{)}_3$: Draw a 5-carbon chain, with a double bond between C1 and C2; attach three methyl groups to the 5th carbon.

Answer:

1. N ($sp^3$); O ($sp^2$)
2. A line-angle structure with: a 5-carbon chain, a double bond between the first and second carbons, and three methyl branches attached to the fifth carbon.