Question

determine whether the results below appear to have statistical significance, and also determine whether the results have practical significance.
in a study of a weight loss program, 5 subjects lost an average of 43 lbs. methods of statistics can be used to show that if this diet had no effect, there is a 37% chance of getting these results by random chance.

does the weight loss program have statistical significance?
a. no, the program is not statistically significant because the results are unlikely to occur by chance.
b. no, the program is not statistically significant because the results are likely to occur by chance.
c. yes, the program is statistically significant because the results are likely to occur by chance.
d. yes, the program is statistically significant because the results are unlikely to occur by chance.
does the weight loss program have practical significance?
a. yes, the program is practically significant because the results are too unlikely to occur by chance.
b. yes, the program is practically significant because the amount of lost weight is large enough to be considered practically significant.
c. no, the program is not practically significant because the amount of weight lost is trivial.
d. no, the program is not practically significant because the results are likely to occur even if the weight loss program has no effect.

Explanation:

First Question (Statistical Significance)

To determine statistical significance, we look at the probability of results occurring by chance. A 37% chance (0.37) is relatively high, meaning the results are likely to occur by chance. Statistical significance is when results are unlikely to occur by chance (usually \( p \leq 0.05 \) or similar thresholds). Since 37% > 0.05, the results are likely by chance, so the program is not statistically significant. Option B matches this reasoning.

Practical significance depends on the real - world impact. An average weight loss of 43 lbs is a large amount in the context of a weight - loss program. It is large enough to be considered practically significant, as it has a meaningful impact on weight loss. Option B states this correctly.

Answer:

B. No, the program is not statistically significant because the results are likely to occur by chance.

Second Question (Practical Significance)