Question

in this diagram, the colored marbles represent alleles:
how can the bottleneck effect result in the development of a new species?
allele frequency decreases and is so different from the original population that speciation occurs.
allele frequency stays exactly the same resulting in no change in the population.
allele frequency increases so much that nothing changes within the population.

Explanation:

The bottleneck effect reduces population size. This can lead to a drastic change in allele frequencies. If the new allele - frequency distribution is significantly different from the original, it can drive speciation.

Answer:

Allele frequency decreases and is so different from the original population that speciation occurs.