directions: read each case study and answer in complete sentences. make sure to answer every part of the question. 1. urban planning and green infrastructure a city council is deciding whether to approve a new apartment complex in an area with little green space. the land is currently a vacant lot but includes several mature trees and serves as a resting spot for migratory birds. residents nearby have expressed concern about heatwaves becoming more intense each year and want more trees and shaded areas in the neighborhood. a. describe at least one environmental concern associated with replacing the green space with buildings. b. propose one way that the community can create more spaces with trees? 2. agricultural water use and drought a region that relies heavily on agriculture/farming is experiencing frequent droughts or lack of water. local farms grow water - intensive crops like almonds and cotton, and many use outdated watering systems. the state has started placing restrictions on water usage, leading to tension between farmers, environmentalists, and urban residents. a. explain at least two environmental or social challenges related to water use in this agricultural region. b. suggest one solution that could reduce water waste while supporting the local economy.

Question

Accepted Answer

### 1. Urban Planning and Green Infrastructure
#### a.
# Brief Explanations:
Replacing green space with buildings can harm migratory birds by removing their resting spot. Also, fewer trees mean less shade, worsening urban heat islands and heatwaves as trees cool areas via transpiration and shading.
# Answer:
One environmental concern is the loss of habitat for migratory birds, as the vacant lot with mature trees serves as their resting spot. Another is the exacerbation of urban heat islands; trees provide shade and transpire to cool the area, and removing them (along with the green space) will lead to higher temperatures, making heatwaves more intense for residents.

#### b.
# Brief Explanations:
The community can plant trees in public spaces like parks, along streets, or on building rooftops (green roofs). They could also start a community tree - planting program, encouraging residents to plant trees in their yards or in shared community areas.
# Answer:
The community can initiate a street - tree planting program. They can work with the city to plant trees along sidewalks in the neighborhood. These street trees will provide shade, improve air quality, and create more spaces with trees. Another way is to establish community gardens with a focus on planting trees, where residents can participate in planting and maintaining tree - filled green spaces.

### 2. Agricultural Water Use and Drought
#### a.
# Brief Explanations:
Environmental challenge: Growing water - intensive crops in a drought - prone area depletes groundwater and surface water, harming aquatic ecosystems (e.g., drying up rivers, reducing wetland habitats). Social challenge: Water restrictions cause tension between farmers (who rely on water for crops), environmentalists (who want to protect ecosystems), and urban residents (who need water for daily use). Also, farmers may face reduced crop yields and income due to water shortages, affecting their livelihoods.
# Answer:
One environmental challenge is the over - extraction of water (groundwater and surface water) to grow water - intensive crops like almonds and cotton. This can lead to the drying up of rivers, lakes, and aquifers, damaging aquatic habitats and reducing water availability for other ecosystems. A second challenge (either environmental or social) is the social tension between different groups. Farmers may struggle to grow their crops with water restrictions, leading to potential loss of income and food production issues. Environmentalists may oppose the overuse of water that harms natural ecosystems, while urban residents need water for their daily needs, creating a conflict over limited water resources.

#### b.
# Brief Explanations:
The region can promote the use of efficient irrigation systems like drip irrigation for farms. Drip irrigation delivers water directly to plant roots, reducing waste. Also, the state or local government can offer financial incentives (like subsidies) to farmers who switch to less water - intensive crops. For example, encouraging the growth of drought - tolerant crops that require less water, which can still be sold in the market and support the local economy.
# Answer:
One solution is to implement drip irrigation systems in farms. Drip irrigation reduces water waste by delivering water directly to the roots of plants, minimizing evaporation and runoff. Additionally, the government can provide subsidies to farmers to switch to growing drought - tolerant, less water - intensive crops (such as certain varieties of grains or legumes). These crops can still be sold commercially, supporting the local agricultural economy while using less water.

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

1. Urban Planning and Green Infrastructure

a.

Answer:

b.