Question

document based questions

1. explain the 13th amendment in your own words.
2. according to the 14th amendment, who is a citizen of the united states?
3. what must happen to deny a citizen of their life, liberty, or property? what does that phrase mean?
4. what original clause of the constitution does section 2 of the 14th amendment repeal?
5. what right does the 15th amendment grant? to whom?
6. who is not included in the 15th amendment? why do you think they werent included?

plessy v. ferguson

1. what element of the fourteenth amendment did plessy feel had been denied to him?
2. what was the courts decision in this case? what doctrine was instituted as a result?
3. what do you think might have happened if the supreme court had voted in favor of plessy?

Explanation:

1. The 13th Amendment abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the U.S., except as punishment for a crime.
2. The 14th Amendment defines U.S. citizens as anyone born or naturalized in the United States.
3. To deny a citizen life, liberty, or property, due - process of law must occur, meaning fair legal procedures and protection of rights.
4. Section 2 of the 14th Amendment repeals the part of the original Constitution that counted slaves as ⅗ of a person for apportionment purposes.
5. The 15th Amendment grants all men the right to vote regardless of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude".
6. Women are not included in the 15th Amendment. At the time, gender - based discrimination in voting rights was prevalent, and the focus was on securing voting rights for African - American men.

For the Plessy v. Ferguson questions:

1. Plessy felt the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment had been denied to him as he was forced to move from a "whites - only" train car despite being of mixed - race.
2. The court's decision was that "separate but equal" facilities were constitutional, instituting the "separate but equal" doctrine.
3. If the Supreme Court had voted in favor of Plessy, the "separate but equal" doctrine may not have been established, potentially leading to earlier integration and less institutionalized racial segregation in public facilities.

Answer:

1. The 13th Amendment abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the U.S. (except as punishment for a crime).
2. According to the 14th Amendment, anyone born or naturalized in the United States is a citizen.
3. Due - process of law must occur to deny a citizen life, liberty, or property, meaning fair legal procedures are required.
4. Section 2 of the 14th Amendment repeals the part of the original Constitution that counted slaves as ⅗ of a person.
5. The 15th Amendment grants all men the right to vote.
6. Women are not included in the 15th Amendment due to gender - based discrimination at the time.

For Plessy v. Ferguson:

1. Plessy felt the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment was denied to him.
2. The court decided "separate but equal" was constitutional, instituting the "separate but equal" doctrine.
3. If the court had voted for Plessy, early integration and less segregation might have occurred.