Question

1. draw a bohr diagram to show the electron transfer that occurs when magnesium and fluorine form the compound magnesium fluoride.

Explanation:

Step1: Determine electron - configurations

Magnesium (Mg) has an atomic number of 12, so its electron - configuration is 2, 8, 2. Fluorine (F) has an atomic number of 9, so its electron - configuration is 2, 7.

Step2: Analyze electron - transfer

Magnesium will lose 2 electrons to achieve a stable octet. Each fluorine atom needs 1 electron to achieve a stable octet. So, one magnesium atom will transfer its 2 electrons to two fluorine atoms.

Step3: Draw Bohr diagram

Draw a nucleus for magnesium with 12 protons and 12 neutrons. Initially, draw 3 electron - shells with 2, 8, 2 electrons respectively. After electron - transfer, the outermost shell of magnesium is emptied, and it has a 2+ charge. Draw two nuclei for fluorine atoms, each with 9 protons and 10 neutrons. Initially, each has 2, 7 electrons. After gaining an electron, each fluorine atom has 2, 8 electrons and a 1 - charge. Connect the magnesium ion and two fluoride ions to show the formation of magnesium fluoride ($MgF_2$).

Answer:

A Bohr diagram should be drawn as described above, showing a magnesium ion with a 2+ charge and two fluoride ions each with a 1 - charge, indicating the electron - transfer from magnesium to two fluorine atoms for the formation of $MgF_2$.