Question

for each problem below count the number of subatomic particles using your periodic table.
a. text partially obscured
b. text partially obscured
c. how many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of silver, with a mass of 108?
d. how many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of calcium, with a mass of 40?

Explanation:

Step1: Recall key atomic rules

For a neutral atom:

1. Protons = Atomic Number ($Z$) (from periodic table)
2. Electrons = Protons (neutral charge)
3. Neutrons = Mass Number ($A$) - Atomic Number ($Z$)

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Part A: Zinc (Mass = 65)

Step1: Find Zn atomic number

From periodic table, Zn atomic number $Z=30$

Step2: Calculate protons/electrons

Protons = Electrons = $Z=30$

Step3: Calculate neutrons

Neutrons = $65 - 30 = 35$

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Part B: Phosphorus (Mass = 31)

Step1: Find P atomic number

From periodic table, P atomic number $Z=15$

Step2: Calculate protons/electrons

Protons = Electrons = $Z=15$

Step3: Calculate neutrons

Neutrons = $31 - 15 = 16$

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Part C: Silver (Mass = 108)

Step1: Find Ag atomic number

From periodic table, Ag atomic number $Z=47$

Step2: Calculate protons/electrons

Protons = Electrons = $Z=47$

Step3: Calculate neutrons

Neutrons = $108 - 47 = 61$

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Part D: Calcium (Mass = 40)

Step1: Find Ca atomic number

From periodic table, Ca atomic number $Z=20$

Step2: Calculate protons/electrons

Protons = Electrons = $Z=20$

Step3: Calculate neutrons

Neutrons = $40 - 20 = 20$

Answer:

A. Protons: 30, Neutrons: 35, Electrons: 30
B. Protons: 15, Neutrons: 16, Electrons: 15
C. Protons: 47, Neutrons: 61, Electrons: 47
D. Protons: 20, Neutrons: 20, Electrons: 20