Question

an empty water bottle is covered with black paper. a deflated balloon is placed over the neck of the bottle. the bottle is set outside on a sidewalk in sunlight. eventually the balloon inflates. before after which best describes how the balloon inflated? a radiation heated the bottle. the bottle transferred heat energy to air molecules by conduction. air molecules moved throughout the system to inflate the balloon through convection. b conduction heated the bottle. the bottle transferred heat energy to air molecules by radiation. air molecules moved throughout the system to inflate the balloon through convection. c convection heated the bottle. the bottle transferred heat energy to air molecules by conduction. air molecules moved throughout the system to inflate the balloon through radiation. d radiation heated the bottle. the bottle transferred heat energy to air molecules by convection. air molecules moved throughout the system to inflate the balloon through conduction.

Explanation:

1. Sunlight is a form of radiation. The black - covered bottle absorbs heat from sunlight (radiation).
2. The heated bottle transfers heat to the air molecules inside it through conduction (direct contact between the bottle and air).
3. The heated air molecules move and expand, inflating the balloon through convection (bulk movement of air).

Answer:

A. Radiation heated the bottle. The bottle transferred heat energy to air molecules by conduction. Air molecules moved throughout the system to inflate the balloon through convection.