3. an example of a sex cell is a/an
(1) spore
(2) zygote
(3) egg
(4) centriole
4. a child has the same number of chromosomes as each parent because of the processes of fertilization and
(1) transpiration
(2) meiosis
(3) digestion
(4) repair
5. the process of mitosis results in
(1) two cells with identical nuclei
(2) four cells with identical nuclei
(3) four sperm cells
(4) one egg cell
6. the production of new organisms that are essentially the same as their parents is
(1) digestion
(2) reproduction
(3) excretion
(4) respiration
7. which structures contain the genetic material of the cell?
(1) chromosomes
(2) cell walls
(3) cell membranes
(4) vacuoles
8. what is the diploid chromosome number in humans?
(1) 23
(2) 46
(3) 69
(4) 92
9. the process of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells is known as
(1) meiosis
(2) zygote formation
(3) mitosis
(4) fertilization
10. growth in the size of multicellular organisms is the result of
(1) cell excretion
(2) cell division
(3) egestion
(4) peristalsis
c. essay question
directions: use complete sentences to answer the question in this part.
1. state one reason why reproduction is important to a species.

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
Sex cells (gametes) include eggs (female gamete) and sperm. Spores are for some plants/fungi reproduction, zygote is a fertilized egg, centriole is a cell structure. So egg is a sex cell.
# Answer:
(3) egg

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
Meiosis produces gametes (sex cells) with half the chromosome number of parents. Fertilization combines gametes, restoring the full number. Transpiration (plant water loss), digestion (food breakdown), repair (cell repair) are unrelated.
# Answer:
(2) meiosis

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
Mitosis is cell division for growth/repair, producing two daughter cells with identical nuclei (same genetic material). Meiosis produces four non - identical gametes, sperm/egg production is via meiosis.
# Answer:
(1) two cells with identical nuclei

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
Reproduction is the process of producing new organisms. Asexual reproduction produces offspring essentially same as parents. Digestion (food breakdown), excretion (waste removal), respiration (energy production) are not about producing new organisms.
# Answer:
(2) reproduction

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
Chromosomes are made of DNA (genetic material) and proteins. Cell walls (structural, plant cells), cell membranes (regulate transport), vacuoles (storage) do not contain genetic material.
# Answer:
(1) chromosomes

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
Humans have 46 chromosomes in diploid (somatic) cells (23 pairs). 23 is haploid (gametes), 69 and 92 are incorrect numbers.
# Answer:
(2) 46

### Question 9
# Brief Explanations:
Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells (same as parent cell). Meiosis produces four non - identical gametes, zygote formation is fertilization, fertilization is gamete union.
# Answer:
(3) mitosis

### Question 10
# Brief Explanations:
Multicellular organisms grow by cell division (increasing cell number) and cell growth. Cell excretion (waste removal), egestion (waste elimination), peristalsis (muscle movement in digestion) are not for growth.
# Answer:
(2) cell division

### Essay Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
Reproduction is important for a species to ensure its survival over time. If a species does not reproduce, the number of individuals will decrease as organisms die, and eventually the species may become extinct. Reproduction also allows for the passing on of genetic information, which can lead to adaptations and evolution as new generations inherit and potentially modify traits.
# Answer:
One reason why reproduction is important to a species is that it prevents the extinction of the species. As individual organisms within a species die over time, reproduction produces new organisms to replace them, maintaining the population of the species. Additionally, reproduction allows for the transmission of genetic material from one generation to the next, which is essential for the evolution and adaptation of the species to changing environments.

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