Question

1. explain the difference between extensive properties and intensive properties of matter. give one example of each.
2. what is a physical change? give two examples.
3. describe the particle arrangement and movement for a solid, a liquid, and a gas.
4. what is a chemical property?
5. in a chemical reaction, what are the reactants and what are the products?

Explanation:

1. Extensive properties depend on the amount of matter, like mass (e.g., mass of a block of metal). Intensive properties do not, like density (e.g., density of gold).
2. A physical change alters physical form without changing chemical composition. Examples: melting ice, cutting paper.
3. Solids: particles closely packed, vibrate in place. Liquids: particles close, can slide past each other. Gases: particles far apart, move freely.
4. A chemical property is a characteristic that describes how a substance changes chemically, like flammability.
5. Reactants are substances that start a chemical reaction, e.g., hydrogen and oxygen in water - formation. Products are substances formed, e.g., water from hydrogen - oxygen reaction.

Answer:

1. Extensive property: mass; Intensive property: density
2. Physical change: alteration of physical form without chemical change. Examples: melting ice, cutting paper
3. Solids: particles closely - packed, vibrate; Liquids: particles close, can slide; Gases: particles far - apart, move freely
4. Chemical property: characteristic of chemical change, e.g., flammability
5. Reactants: starting substances in a chemical reaction, e.g., hydrogen and oxygen; Products: substances formed, e.g., water