Question

fill in the blank question
some substances pass across the plasma membrane by □ transport, which requires no expenditure of atp by the cell.
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Explanation:

In cell biology, the movement of substances across the plasma membrane can be classified into two main types: passive and active transport. Active transport requires the cell to expend ATP (energy), while passive transport does not require ATP. Passive transport includes processes like diffusion (simple and facilitated) and osmosis, where substances move along their concentration gradient (from high to low concentration) without the need for the cell to use energy in the form of ATP. So the term that fits here, describing transport that needs no ATP expenditure, is "passive".

Answer:

passive