Question

fill in the blanks

1. what is the charge of a proton?
2. what is the charge of an electron?
3. what is the charge of a neutron?
4. what is the fundamental building block that make up all matter.
5. the number of electrons in the outermost energy level are called ______ electrons.
6. how many valence electrons does oxygen atom have?
7. how many valence electrons does the magnesium atom have?
8. how many valence electrons does the krypton atom have?

true/false

1. ____ s, p, d, and f are the four blocks on the periodic table.
2. ____ radium is a nobel gas, because it has 8 valence electrons.
3. ____ nobel gases are the least reactive of all the elements on the periodic table because they have a full outer valence level.

models

1. draw the bohr model for sodium (na) and then draw the lewis structure.
2. draw the bohr model for chlorine (cl) and then draw the lewis structure.

Explanation:

1. Protons have a positive charge of +1.
2. Electrons have a negative charge of - 1.
3. Neutrons are neutral, so charge is 0.
4. Atoms are the fundamental building - blocks of matter.
5. Electrons in the outermost energy level are valence electrons.
6. Oxygen has atomic number 8, electron configuration 2,6, so 6 valence electrons.
7. Magnesium has atomic number 12, electron configuration 2,8,2, so 2 valence electrons.
8. Krypton has atomic number 36, electron configuration 2,8,18,8, so 8 valence electrons.
9. s, p, d, and f are the four blocks on the periodic table (True).
10. Radium is an alkaline - earth metal, not a noble gas (False).
11. Noble gases have a full outer valence level, making them least reactive (True).

64 - 65. Drawing Bohr models and Lewis structures requires knowledge of atomic structure and electron - dot diagrams. For sodium (Na, atomic number 11), Bohr model has 3 energy levels with 2,8,1 electrons respectively; Lewis structure has 1 dot. For chlorine (Cl, atomic number 17), Bohr model has 3 energy levels with 2,8,7 electrons respectively; Lewis structure has 7 dots.

Answer:

1. +1
2. - 1
3. 0
4. Atom
5. Valence
6. 6
7. 2
8. 8
9. True
10. False
11. True
12. (Describe drawing process as above)
13. (Describe drawing process as above)