french revolution study guide
directions: read the questions carefully, choose the best answer, write the
correct letter on your answer sheet.

1.what is the word for the different social divisions and classes in france?
2. nobles were members of the _______ estate:
3. clergy were members of the _______ estate:
4. commoners were members of the _______ estate:
5. _______ were exempt from paying taxes:
6. taxes were mostly paid by:
7. the third estate did not have a _______ in the _______:
8. the largest part of france’s population was from the _______ estate:

9. this enlightenment philosopher argued for women’s right to be rational and free.

10. what 3 things did john locke state were all men’s “natural rights”?

11. the idea that individuals had innate rights and liberties.

12. a social cause for the french revolution was______.

13. the bastille was:
14. why did french citizens storm the bastille?

15. france’s first step towards a new constitution was called:
16. the constitution of 1791 created a __________ monarchy:

17. this philosopher of the enlightenment argued, “the accused have rights and should have a fair trial”,

Question

french revolution study guide
directions: read the questions carefully, choose the best answer, write the
correct letter on your answer sheet.

1.what is the word for the different social divisions and classes in france?
2. nobles were members of the _______ estate:
3. clergy were members of the _______ estate:
4. commoners were members of the  _______ estate:
5. _______ were exempt from paying taxes:
6. taxes were mostly paid by:
7. the third estate did not have a  _______ in the  _______:
8. the largest part of france’s population was from the _______ estate:

9. this enlightenment philosopher argued for women’s right to be rational and free.

10. what 3 things did john locke state were all men’s “natural rights”?

11. the idea that individuals had innate rights and liberties.

12. a social cause for the french revolution was______.

13. the bastille was:
14. why did french citizens storm the bastille?

15. france’s first step towards a new constitution was called:
16. the constitution of 1791 created a __________ monarchy:

17. this philosopher of the enlightenment argued, “the accused have rights and should have a fair trial”,

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
The different social divisions and classes in France before the Revolution were called "Estates". The three estates were the First (Clergy), Second (Nobles), and Third (Commoners).
# Answer:
Estates

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
In the French social structure pre - Revolution, nobles were part of the Second Estate. The Second Estate was the privileged class along with the First Estate (Clergy), while the Third Estate was the commoners.
# Answer:
Second

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
The Clergy in pre - Revolutionary France were members of the First Estate. The First Estate was made up of the religious leaders and they had certain privileges like tax exemptions.
# Answer:
First

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
Commoners, which included the majority of the French population like peasants, workers, and bourgeoisie, were part of the Third Estate. This estate bore the brunt of taxation and had few privileges.
# Answer:
Third

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
The First Estate (Clergy) and the Second Estate (Nobles) were exempt from paying taxes in pre - Revolutionary France. The Third Estate was the one that had to pay most of the taxes.
# Answer:
Clergy and Nobles (First and Second Estates)

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
In pre - Revolutionary France, the Third Estate (commoners) was mostly responsible for paying taxes. The First (Clergy) and Second (Nobles) Estates were exempt from most taxes.
# Answer:
The Third Estate (Commoners)

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
The Third Estate did not have equal representation in the Estates - General. The Estates - General was the legislative body where each estate had a vote, but the First and Second Estates could outvote the Third Estate even though it represented the majority of the population.
# Answer:
Equal representation; Estates - General

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
The Third Estate made up the largest part of France's population. It included peasants, urban workers, and the bourgeoisie, while the First (Clergy) and Second (Nobles) Estates were much smaller in number.
# Answer:
Third

### Question 9
# Brief Explanations:
Mary Wollstonecraft was the Enlightenment philosopher who argued for women's right to be rational and free. She wrote works advocating for women's education and equal rights in the context of the Enlightenment's focus on reason and liberty.
# Answer:
Mary Wollstonecraft

### Question 10
# Brief Explanations:
John Locke stated that all men's "Natural Rights" were life, liberty, and property. These rights were considered inherent to individuals and formed a basis for later political thought, including during the French Revolution.
# Answer:
Life, Liberty, and Property

### Question 11
# Brief Explanations:
The idea that individuals had innate rights and liberties is known as "Natural Rights" or "Natural Liberty". This concept was promoted by Enlightenment thinkers and was a key idea that influenced the French Revolution, as people began to question the absolute power of the monarchy and the privileges of the upper estates.
# Answer:
Natural Rights (or Natural Liberty)

### Question 12
# Brief Explanations:
A social cause for the French Revolution was the unequal social structure (the Estate system) where the Third Estate was oppressed, had no political power, and had to bear most of the tax burden while the First and Second Estates lived in privilege. Also, the growth of the bourgeoisie who wanted political power matching their economic status was a social cause.
# Answer:
The unequal Estate system (or the oppression of the Third Estate, or the growth of the bourgeoisie's desire for political power)

### Question 13
# Brief Explanations:
The Bastille was a fortress - prison in Paris. It was seen as a symbol of the monarchy's absolute power and oppression. It held political prisoners and was a target of the revolutionaries.
# Answer:
A fortress - prison in Paris, symbol of royal tyranny

### Question 14
# Brief Explanations:
French citizens stormed the Bastille because they wanted to get weapons and gunpowder stored there, and also because the Bastille was a symbol of the king's tyranny. They were angry about the oppressive rule and wanted to start the revolution by attacking this symbol of royal power.
# Answer:
To obtain weapons/gunpowder and to attack a symbol of royal tyranny

### Question 15
# Brief Explanations:
France’s first step towards a new constitution was called the Tennis Court Oath. After being locked out of the Estates - General meeting hall, the Third Estate (and some members of the other estates) met in a tennis court and swore to create a constitution.
# Answer:
The Tennis Court Oath

### Question 16
# Brief Explanations:
The Constitution of 1791 created a constitutional monarchy. This meant that the king's power was limited by a constitution, and there was a legislative assembly to share power.
# Answer:
Constitutional

### Question 17
# Brief Explanations:
Voltaire was not the one for this, Montesquieu for separation of powers, but Cesare Beccaria argued that "the accused have rights and should have a fair trial". He was an Enlightenment philosopher who focused on criminal justice reform.
# Answer:
Cesare Beccaria

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