Question

go to mypltw activity 1.1.6 \fracture puzzles\ and then check out the \historical highlight\. 2. look at the history of x - rays image and describe how x - ray technology has improved over the years. 3. draw a diagram for each type of fracture that shows how the bone is damaged and write a few words describing the fractures. label each drawing. fracture type diagram and description fracture type diagram and description comminuted fracture oblique fracture greenstick fracture spiral fracture compression fracture segmental fracture transverse fracture simple / compound fractures

Explanation:

• X - ray technology improvement: Initially in 1895, X - rays were newly discovered and had low - resolution images. By 1898, some refinements might have been made. During 1939 - 45 (World War II), X - ray technology was likely used more widely in military medicine, and improvements in portability and image quality might have occurred. In 1942, further advancements could have been in image contrast. Now, X - rays have digital detectors for better image quality, lower radiation exposure, and 3 - D imaging capabilities like CT scans.
• Fracture types:
• Comminuted Fracture: The bone breaks into three or more pieces. Diagram: Draw a bone with multiple break lines and several small bone fragments.
• Oblique Fracture: The break is at an angle across the bone. Diagram: Draw a bone with a slanted break line.
• Greenstick Fracture: Common in children, the bone bends and partially breaks on one side. Diagram: Draw a bone with a bent shape and a break line on the outer - curved side.
• Spiral Fracture: Caused by a twisting force, the break spirals around the bone. Diagram: Draw a bone with a spiral - shaped break line.
• Compression Fracture: Usually in vertebrae, the bone is crushed. Diagram: Draw a vertebra with a flattened top or bottom.
• Segmental Fracture: There are two breaks, leaving a free - floating segment in the middle. Diagram: Draw a bone with two break lines and a separate middle segment.
• Transverse Fracture: The break is straight across the bone. Diagram: Draw a bone with a horizontal break line.
• Simple/Compound Fractures: A simple fracture is when the skin is intact, and a compound fracture is when the bone pierces the skin. Diagram for simple: Draw a broken bone under intact skin. Diagram for compound: Draw a broken bone with a piece protruding through the skin.

Answer:

• X - ray technology improvement: From low - resolution initial images in 1895 to digital detectors, lower radiation, and 3 - D capabilities now.
• Fracture types:
• Comminuted Fracture: Bone breaks into three or more pieces; draw bone with multiple break lines and fragments.
• Oblique Fracture: Break at an angle; draw bone with slanted break line.
• Greenstick Fracture: Bone bends and partially breaks on one side; draw bent bone with break on outer - curved side.
• Spiral Fracture: Break spirals due to twisting; draw bone with spiral break line.
• Compression Fracture: Bone is crushed (e.g., in vertebrae); draw flattened vertebra.
• Segmental Fracture: Two breaks with free - floating segment; draw bone with two break lines and middle segment.
• Transverse Fracture: Break straight across; draw bone with horizontal break line.
• Simple/Compound Fractures: Simple - bone under intact skin; Compound - bone pierces skin; draw accordingly.