QUESTION IMAGE
Question
haploid vs diploid
- is this cell a somatic cell or a gamete?
- is this cell haploid (n) or diploid (2n)?
- which process made this cell? (mitosis, meiosis, or fertilization)
- what does the arrow between the egg and the zygote represent?
- what does the arrow between the zygote and body cell represent?
- why do offspring inherit half of their dna from their mother and half of their dna from their father?
directions: to fill in the following table, read the description about the organism or cell in the first column, then figure out their diploid (2n) and haploid (n) chromosome numbers.
a somatic cell from a kangaroo has 16 chromosomes
a sperm from a western clawed frog has 10 chromosomes
a pollen grain (sperm) of a tomato plant has 12 chromosomes
a wing cell of a gypsy moth has 62 chromosomes
a polar bear skin cell has 74 chromosomes.
the egg of a walking catfish has 52 chromosomes
Step1: Recall cell - type definitions
Somatic cells are body cells and gametes are sex cells (sperm and egg).
Step2: Recall ploidy definitions
Haploid cells have one set of chromosomes (n) and diploid cells have two sets (2n). Gametes are haploid and somatic cells are diploid.
Step3: Recall cell - formation processes
Meiosis forms gametes, fertilization forms a zygote from sperm and egg, and mitosis forms somatic cells from a zygote.
Step4: Analyze arrows
The arrow from egg and sperm to zygote is fertilization, and from zygote to body cell is mitosis.
Step5: Understand DNA inheritance
Offspring inherit half of their DNA from each parent because gametes (sperm and egg) are haploid, each contributing one - set of chromosomes.
Step6: Calculate ploidy numbers
For a somatic cell, 2n is the given number of chromosomes and n is half of that. For a gamete, n is the given number of chromosomes and 2n is double that.
| Cell Type | Somatic or Gamete | Haploid or Diploid | Process of Formation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Egg | Gamete | Haploid (n) | Meiosis |
| Zygote | Neither (first cell of new organism) | Diploid (2n) | Fertilization |
| Body Cell | Somatic | Diploid (2n) | Mitosis |
| Organism/Cell | Diploid (2n) # | Haploid (n) # |
|---|---|---|
| A sperm from a Western Clawed frog has 10 chromosomes | 2n = 20 | n = 10 |
| A pollen grain (sperm) of a tomato plant has 12 chromosomes | 2n = 24 | n = 12 |
| A wing cell of a Gypsy moth has 62 Chromosomes | 2n = 62 | n = 31 |
| A Polar bear skin cell has 74 chromosomes. | 2n = 74 | n = 37 |
| The egg of a Walking Catfish has 52 Chromosomes | 2n = 104 | n = 52 |
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| Cell Type | Somatic or Gamete | Haploid or Diploid | Process of Formation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Egg | Gamete | Haploid (n) | Meiosis |
| Zygote | Neither (first cell of new organism) | Diploid (2n) | Fertilization |
| Body Cell | Somatic | Diploid (2n) | Mitosis |
| Organism/Cell | Diploid (2n) # | Haploid (n) # |
|---|---|---|
| A sperm from a Western Clawed frog has 10 chromosomes | 20 | 10 |
| A pollen grain (sperm) of a tomato plant has 12 chromosomes | 24 | 12 |
| A wing cell of a Gypsy moth has 62 Chromosomes | 62 | 31 |
| A Polar bear skin cell has 74 chromosomes. | 74 | 37 |
| The egg of a Walking Catfish has 52 Chromosomes | 104 | 52 |
- The arrow between the egg and the zygote represents fertilization.
- The arrow between the zygote and body cell represents mitosis.
- Offspring inherit half of their DNA from their mother and half of their DNA from their father because sperm and egg are haploid cells, each contributing one - set of chromosomes to the zygote during fertilization.