Question

heat islands and effects
what do urban areas often replace vegetation with, contributing to heat islands?
more trees
farmland
concrete and steel
lakes and ponds

Explanation:

Urban development replaces natural vegetation with heat-absorbing, non-porous materials like concrete and steel. These materials retain and re-emit far more heat than plants, which cool the air via transpiration and shade, directly contributing to the urban heat island effect. The other options are all natural or vegetation-related features that do not cause heat islands.

Answer:

C. concrete and steel