Question

1. here are three isotopes of an element: $_6^{12}c$ $_6^{13}c$ $_6^{14}c$ a. the element is: carbon b. the number 6 refers to the atomic # c. the numbers 12, 13, and 14 refer to the atomic mass d. how many protons and neutrons are in the first isotope? 6 e. how many protons and neutrons are in the second isotope? 7 f. how many protons and neutrons are in the third isotope? 8 2. complete the following chart: isotope name atomic # mass # # of protons # of neutrons # of electrons potassium - 37 19 37 18 19 18 oxygen - 17 8 17 8 9 8 uranium - 235 92 235 uranium - 238 92 238 boron - 10 5 10 boron - 11 5 11

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic - number and mass - number relationships

The atomic number ($Z$) is equal to the number of protons. The mass number ($A$) is the sum of protons and neutrons ($A = p + n$), and for a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons.

Step2: Calculate for Potassium - 37

Atomic number of potassium is 19. So, number of protons ($p$) = 19. Mass number ($A$)=37. Number of neutrons ($n$)=$A - p=37 - 19 = 18$. For a neutral atom, number of electrons = 19.

Step3: Calculate for Oxygen - 17

Atomic number of oxygen is 8. So, number of protons ($p$) = 8. Mass number ($A$)=17. Number of neutrons ($n$)=$A - p=17 - 8 = 9$. For a neutral atom, number of electrons = 8.

Step4: Calculate for Uranium - 235

Atomic number of uranium is 92. So, number of protons ($p$) = 92. Mass number ($A$)=235. Number of neutrons ($n$)=$A - p=235 - 92 = 143$. For a neutral atom, number of electrons = 92.

Step5: Calculate for Uranium - 238

Atomic number of uranium is 92. So, number of protons ($p$) = 92. Mass number ($A$)=238. Number of neutrons ($n$)=$A - p=238 - 92 = 146$. For a neutral atom, number of electrons = 92.

Step6: Calculate for Boron - 10

Atomic number of boron is 5. So, number of protons ($p$) = 5. Mass number ($A$)=10. Number of neutrons ($n$)=$A - p=10 - 5 = 5$. For a neutral atom, number of electrons = 5.

Step7: Calculate for Boron - 11

Atomic number of boron is 5. So, number of protons ($p$) = 5. Mass number ($A$)=11. Number of neutrons ($n$)=$A - p=11 - 5 = 6$. For a neutral atom, number of electrons = 5.

Answer:

Isotope name	atomic #	mass #	# of protons	# of neutrons	# of electrons
Oxygen - 17	8	17	8	9	8
uranium - 235	92	235	92	143	92
uranium - 238	92	238	92	146	92
boron - 10	5	10	5	5	5
boron - 11	5	11	5	6	5