Question

1. how did the habitat of the peppered moths in england change during the industrial revolution?
2. explain: why are dark-colored moths more common in england than light-colored moths?

Explanation:

Sub - question 1

During the Industrial Revolution in England, factories emitted large amounts of soot and pollutants. This caused the trees in the peppered moths' habitat (like in forests and wooded areas near industrial zones) to become covered with dark soot. The light - colored lichen that used to cover the tree trunks was also killed by the pollution, changing the overall appearance of the trees from light - colored to dark - colored.

This is due to natural selection. Before the Industrial Revolution, light - colored moths were more common as they were camouflaged against the light - colored lichen - covered tree trunks, and dark - colored moths were more likely to be preyed upon. After the Industrial Revolution, the tree trunks became dark. Now, dark - colored moths were camouflaged and less likely to be eaten by predators, while light - colored moths were more visible and thus more likely to be preyed upon. Over time, the proportion of dark - colored moths in the population increased because they had a survival advantage and were more likely to reproduce and pass on their dark - color genes.

Answer:

During the Industrial Revolution, the habitat of peppered moths (tree trunks etc. in areas near industrial zones) changed as pollution from factories caused tree trunks to become covered in dark soot (killing light - colored lichen), turning the trees from light - colored to dark - colored.

Sub - question 2