Question

1. ______how does the hydrosphere \sculpt\ earths land (the geosphere)?

a. by creating new mountains
b. by slowly wearing away rocks and soil through erosion
c. by causing earthquakes
d. by forming volcanoes

1. ______why is the hydrosphere essential for the biosphere?

a. it makes the earth look blue from space.
b. it creates canyons and valleys.
c. it provides all living things with water to survive.
d. it is mostly made of saltwater.
short answer

1. describe what makes earth appear like a \blue marble\ from space.
2. explain why most of earths freshwater is not easy for humans to use.
3. name the three different states of water mentioned in the passage and give an example of es
4. how does water vapor play a role in weather and climate?
5. besides helping living things survive, describe one other way the hydrosphere interacts with

land.

Explanation:

Step1: Solve multiple-choice Q9

The hydrosphere shapes land via erosion, wearing away rocks/soil. Mountains, quakes, volcanoes come from geosphere activity.

Step2: Solve multiple-choice Q10

The biosphere relies on water for survival; other options don't address essentiality.

Step3: Answer short-answer Q11

Earth's surface is ~71% covered by water (oceans, rivers, lakes). Water reflects blue light from the sun, making Earth appear as a blue marble from space.

Step4: Answer short-answer Q12

Most of Earth's freshwater (~68.7%) is locked in glaciers and ice caps, which are inaccessible. Another ~30% is groundwater that is too deep underground to extract easily. Only a tiny fraction is surface freshwater in rivers/lakes that is readily usable.

Step5: Answer short-answer Q13

The three states of water are solid, liquid, and gas.

• Solid: Glaciers or ice cubes
• Liquid: Ocean water or river water
• Gas: Water vapor in the atmosphere

Step6: Answer short-answer Q14

Water vapor is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, regulating global temperatures. It also condenses into clouds, which produce precipitation (rain, snow) that drives weather patterns, and cloud cover affects how much sunlight reaches Earth's surface.

Step7: Answer short-answer Q15

The hydrosphere erodes and shapes landforms: for example, rivers carve out canyons over time, and ocean waves wear down coastal cliffs to form beaches.

Answer:

1. B. By slowly wearing away rocks and soil through erosion
2. C. It provides all living things with water to survive.
3. Earth's surface is roughly 71% covered by water (mostly oceans). Water reflects blue wavelengths of sunlight, giving Earth its "blue marble" appearance from space.
4. Most freshwater is locked in inaccessible glaciers/ice caps (~68.7%) or deep underground groundwater (~30%). Only a tiny fraction is in easily accessible surface water like rivers and lakes.
5. Solid (example: glaciers), Liquid (example: ocean water), Gas (example: water vapor)
6. Water vapor acts as a greenhouse gas to trap heat and regulate temperatures. It condenses into clouds that produce precipitation, and cloud cover alters sunlight reaching the surface, driving weather and climate patterns.
7. The hydrosphere shapes landforms: rivers erode rock to form canyons, and ocean waves erode coastlines to create beaches.