Question

how does a monarch typically take power?
by being elected
by taking over in a revolution
by being appointed by leaders of a political party
by taking over when the previous monarch dies or retires

Explanation:

Monarchies, especially traditional ones, follow a hereditary system. Monarchs typically inherit power, meaning they take over when the previous monarch (usually a parent or relative) dies or retires. Being elected is for democratic systems, taking over in a revolution is an unusual or non - typical way for a monarch to gain power (more associated with coups or revolutionary leadership changes), and being appointed by political party leaders is not the norm for monarchs (that's more for positions in party - based systems like some prime ministerial or cabinet positions in certain political setups).

Answer:

D. by taking over when the previous monarch dies or retires (assuming the last option is labeled D, if the original labels were different, adjust the label but keep the text. If no labels, just the text: by taking over when the previous monarch dies or retires)