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### Completion Questions
1. **Answer**: increased
   *Explanation*: Life expectancy in the US has generally risen over time due to medical advances, better nutrition, etc.

2. **Answer**: greater
   *Explanation*: Risk factors (e.g., smoking for lung cancer) increase the likelihood of developing a disease.

3. **Answer**: high (or elevated)
   *Explanation*: Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance or deficiency, leading to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).

4. **Answer**: pathogens
   *Explanation*: Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites (collectively called pathogens).

5. **Answer**: risky (or dangerous)
   *Explanation*: Texting while driving distracts from road safety, increasing accident risk.

### True/False Questions
6. **Answer**: T (True)
   *Explanation*: More risk factors (e.g., multiple lifestyle risks for heart disease) raise the probability of developing the disease.

7. **Answer**: T (True)
   *Explanation*: Quality of life includes mental, emotional, and social well - being; a person may seem physically well but struggle in other areas.

8. **Answer**: F (False)
   *Explanation*: Many accidents are preventable through safety measures (e.g., wearing seatbelts, workplace safety protocols).

9. **Answer**: T (True)
   *Explanation*: Statistically, a significant portion of young drivers (16–24) do not use seat belts, increasing injury risk.

10. **Answer**: T (True)
    *Explanation*: Higher education is linked to better health knowledge and behaviors, reducing obesity risk.

### Multiple Choice Questions
11. **Answer**: C. behavior
    *Explanation*: Climate, workplace, and geography are environmental. Behavior is an individual - level risk factor (e.g., smoking, diet).

12. **Answer**: B. exposure to ultraviolet radiation
    *Explanation*: UV radiation from the sun is the primary cause of most skin cancers (e.g., melanoma, basal cell carcinoma).

13. **Answer**: D. all of the above
    *Explanation*: Colon cancer can result from genetic mutations (A), lifestyle (e.g., diet, B), and behavioral factors (e.g., physical inactivity, C).

14. **Answer**: A. genetic risk factors
    *Explanation*: Genetic factors (e.g., inherited mutations) are non - modifiable. Behavioral (e.g., quitting smoking) and environmental (e.g., moving to a less polluted area) factors can be changed.

15. **Answer**: C. 50
    *Explanation*: Heart disease and cancer are leading causes of death in the US, together accounting for nearly 50% of all deaths.

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