Question

hydrolysis and dehydration
during digestion, large food particles are broken down into smaller units. enzymes such as lipase and protease help break down these food particles during a process known as hydrolysis. when a polymer (large molecule) is broken down into monomers (small molecules), a water molecule is added at the beginning of the chemical reaction.
the reverse of hydrolysis is called dehydration. during dehydration, monomers are bound together to form large polymers. to do this, a water molecule must be removed to complete the bond.
an easy way to remember the difference between hydrolysis and dehydration is: “hydrolysis breaks and dehydration makes.”

1. examine the chemical equations in figure 5 and figure 6. how can you tell if an equation represents a hydrolysis or dehydration reaction?
2. predict what would happen to enzyme activity in the body if a person becomes dehydrated from lack of water.
3. examine the reaction taking place in figure 6. circle the hydrogens and oxygen in the reactants that were used to create water.

Explanation:

8.

In a hydrolysis reaction, a water molecule is added as a reactant to break down a polymer into monomers. In a dehydration reaction, a water molecule is produced as a product when monomers combine to form a polymer. Check the presence or absence of water as a reactant or product and the direction of the breakdown - building - up process.

Enzymes require an optimal environment to function. Water is crucial for maintaining the proper conformation and function of enzymes. Dehydration can lead to changes in the enzyme's structure and reduce its activity.

In a dehydration reaction, the hydrogen and oxygen that form water come from the hydroxyl (-OH) group of one monomer and a hydrogen atom from another monomer.

Answer:

If water is a reactant and a large molecule is broken into smaller ones, it is hydrolysis. If water is a product and smaller molecules combine to form a larger one, it is dehydration.

9.